Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection: Review of the Epidemiology and Outcome

Autor: Michael A. Gaytant, Jochem M. D. Galama, Eric A.P. Steegers, Hans M M W Merkus, Ben A. Semmekrot
Rok vydání: 2002
Předmět:
Pediatrics
medicine.medical_specialty
(Patho)Physiological
endocrinological and methabolic aspects [Prevention of disorders in human reproduction]
Population
Congenital cytomegalovirus infection
Cytomegalovirus
Pathogenese
epidemiologie en behandeling van microbiële infecties
Pathogenesis
epidemiology
and treatment of microbial infections
Patient Education as Topic
Pregnancy
Prenatal Diagnosis
Epidemiology
Humans
Medicine
Prospective Studies
(Patho-)fysiologische
endocriene en metabole aspecten. [Preventie van stoornissen in de menselijke voortplanting]
education
Prospective cohort study
Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
education.field_of_study
business.industry
Transmission (medicine)
Incidence
Incidence (epidemiology)
Obstetrics and Gynecology
General Medicine
medicine.disease
Vaccination
Fetal Diseases
Cytomegalovirus Infections
Immunology
Female
business
Zdroj: Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey, 57, 4, pp. 245-56
Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey, 57, 245-56
ISSN: 0029-7828
DOI: 10.1097/00006254-200204000-00024
Popis: Item does not contain fulltext Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is one of the most common viral causes of congenital infection. A future decision to lower its incidence by vaccination will depend on epidemiological conditions within a country and on the safety of the vaccine to be used, because a life vaccine may cause latency and subsequent reactivation that still may harm the fetus. The aim was to review the epidemiological studies published so far, with respect to factors that affect the incidence of congenital CMV infection, and factors that may influence its outcome, such as preexisting maternal immunity. The study included the data of 19 studies that were retrieved from a MEDLINE search during the period 1977 to 1997. The incidence of congenital CMV infection varied between 0.15% and 2.0% and seemed to correlate with the level of preexisting immunity in the population. Although preexisting maternal immunity was reported to strongly reduce transmission, the severity of congenital CMV infection (symptoms at birth and or sequelae later in life) was not significantly greater after virus transmission due to a primary infection of the mother as compared with recurrence or reinfection. The data indicate that preexisting immunity of the mother does not significantly mitigate the outcome of congenital infection. Moreover, life vaccines may bear a serious risk when transmittable to the fetus. TARGET AUDIENCE: Obstetricians and Gynecologists, Family Physicians. LEARNING OBJECTIVES: After completion of this article, the reader will be able to describe the natural course of a CMV infection, to list the potential sequelae of a congenital CMV infection, to outline potential strategies to prevent transmission of CMV, and to summarize the diagnostic work up of a patient with a potential CMV infection.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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