Different historical generation intervals in human populations inferred from Neanderthal fragment lengths and mutation signatures
| Autor: | Moisès Coll Macià, Benjamin M. Peter, Mikkel H. Schierup, Laurits Skov |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Gene Flow
Male Asia Neanderthal Population genetics Science General Physics and Astronomy Evolutionary biology Neanderthal genome project Biology Genome informatics History 21st Century Genome Article Evolutionary genetics General Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology biology.animal Animals Humans DNA Ancient Crosses Genetic History Ancient Neanderthals Multidisciplinary Genome Human Human evolutionary genetics General Chemistry Mutation Accumulation Europe Mutation Mutation (genetic algorithm) Female Human genome Polymorphism Restriction Fragment Length |
| Zdroj: | Nature Communications, Vol 12, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2021) Coll Macià, M, Skov, L, Peter, B M & Schierup, M H 2021, ' Different historical generation intervals in human populations inferred from Neanderthal fragment lengths and mutation signatures ', Nature Communications, vol. 12, no. 1, 5317 . https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-25524-4 Nature Communications |
| ISSN: | 2041-1723 |
| DOI: | 10.1038/s41467-021-25524-4 |
| Popis: | After the main Out-of-Africa event, humans interbred with Neanderthals leaving 1–2% of Neanderthal DNA scattered in small fragments in all non-African genomes today. Here we investigate what can be learned about human demographic processes from the size distribution of these fragments. We observe differences in fragment length across Eurasia with 12% longer fragments in East Asians than West Eurasians. Comparisons between extant populations with ancient samples show that these differences are caused by different rates of decay in length by recombination since the Neanderthal admixture. In concordance, we observe a strong correlation between the average fragment length and the mutation accumulation, similar to what is expected by changing the ages at reproduction as estimated from trio studies. Altogether, our results suggest differences in the generation interval across Eurasia, by up 10–20%, over the past 40,000 years. We use sex-specific mutation signatures to infer whether these changes were driven by shifts in either male or female age at reproduction, or both. We also find that previously reported variation in the mutational spectrum may be largely explained by changes to the generation interval. We conclude that Neanderthal fragment lengths provide unique insight into differences among human populations over recent history. Historical interbreeding between Neanderthals and humans should leave signatures of historical demographics in modern human genomes. Analysing the size distribution of Neanderthal fragments in non-African genomes suggests consistent differences in the generation interval across Eurasia, and that this could explain mutational spectrum variation. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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