Swine manure dilution with lagoon effluent impact on odor reduction and manure digestion
| Autor: | Daniel S. Andersen, Ok-Hwa Hwang, Kyoung S. Ro, Kenwood Scoggin, Steven Trabue |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Manure management
Environmental Engineering Swine 010501 environmental sciences Management Monitoring Policy and Law 01 natural sciences chemistry.chemical_compound Animal science Ammonia Animals Organic matter Waste Management and Disposal Effluent 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Water Science and Technology chemistry.chemical_classification Chemistry 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences Carbon Dioxide Total dissolved solids Pollution Manure Dilution Odor Odorants Carbon dioxide 040103 agronomy & agriculture 0401 agriculture forestry and fisheries Digestion |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Environmental Quality. 50:336-349 |
| ISSN: | 1537-2537 0047-2425 |
| DOI: | 10.1002/jeq2.20197 |
| Popis: | Manure management systems have a major impact on odor from swine operations. A study was conducted to compare deep-pit manure management systems to flushing barn manure management systems for odor reduction and organic matter degradation. Bioreactors were used to mimic manure management systems in which manure and lagoon effluent were loaded initially, and subsequent manure was added daily at 5% of its storage capacity (1 L). Final manure-to-lagoon effluent ratios were 10:0 (deep-pit manure management system), 7:3 (Korean flushing systems), 5:5 (enhanced flushing systems), and 2:8 (enhanced flushing systems). At the end of the trial, at 4 (2:8), 10 (5:5), or 14 (10:0, 7:3) d, manure and gas concentrations of odorants were measured, including total solids (TS), total N (TN), and total C (TC) of manure. Odor was evaluated using the odor activity values (OAVs), and regression analysis was used to determine the effects of dilution and TS on manure properties and OAVs. Solids in the manure were positively correlated to TN, TC, straight chain fatty acids (SCFAs), branch chain fatty acids (BCFAs), total phenols, and total indoles and positively correlated to OAV for SCFAs, BCFAs, ammonia, total phenols, and total indoles. Reducing TS by 90% reduced BCFA, ammonia, phenols, and indoles by equal amounts in air. Carbon dioxide was the main C source evolved, averaging over 90%, and CH4 increased with dilution quadratically. Overall, reducing solids in manure by dilution had the biggest impact on reducing odor and increasing organic C degradation. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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