Effect of extraction method on the bioactive composition, antimicrobial activity and phytotoxicity of pomegranate by-products
| Autor: | Susana Dias, Marta Helena Fernandes Henriques, Luana Seixas, António Peres, Lara Campos, Ana Cristina Araújo Veloso |
|---|---|
| Přispěvatelé: | Universidade do Minho |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2022 |
| Předmět: |
Health (social science)
Science & Technology Solvent extraction Sonication-assisted extraction food and beverages Plant Science Pomegranate peels Antimicrobial activity sonication-assisted extraction solvent extraction Punica granatum L pomegranate peels pomegranate seeds antimicrobial activity phytotoxicity Health Professions (miscellaneous) Microbiology Phytotoxicity Pomegranate seeds Food Science |
| Zdroj: | Foods; Volume 11; Issue 7; Pages: 992 |
| Popis: | Pomegranate by-products can be an asset to the food industry due to the richness in bioactive and antimicrobial compounds. This work studied the influence of conventional solvent and sonication-assisted extraction methods on the bioactive profile, antimicrobial properties, and phytotoxicity effect of the peels and seeds extracts from Acco, Big Full, and Wonderful pomegranate cultivars. The bioactive composition of the extracts was evaluated for the content of total phenolics, total flavonoids, and antioxidant activity (expressed as the half-maximal inhibitory concentration—IC50) by spectrophotometric methods, while the tannins were determined by titration and the anthocyanins were estimated by the pH-differential method. For the evaluation of the antimicrobial activity, the disk diffusion method of Kirby-Bauer was adapted through inhibition halos against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, and Yarrowia lipolytica. The extracts’ phytotoxicity was evaluated in vitro on garden-cress seeds. Extracts from conventional extraction were richer in total phenolics, expressed as gallic acid equivalents (0.16–0.73 mg GAE/mg extract), while those from sonication-assisted extraction had higher contents of total flavonoids, expressed as catechin equivalents (0.019–0.068 mg CATE/mg extract); anthocyanins, expressed as cyanidin-3-glucoside (0.06–0.60 µg C3G/mg, dry basis); and antioxidant activity (IC50, 0.01–0.20 mg/mL). All extracts were more effective against Gram-positive bacteria and yeasts than Gram-negative bacteria. In general, the sonication-assisted extracts led to higher inhibition halos (8.7 to 11.4 mm). All extracts presented phytotoxicity against garden-cress seeds in the tested concentrations. Only the lowest concentration (0.003 mg/mL) enabled the germination of seeds and root growth, and the sonication-assisted extracts showed the highest Munoo-Liisa vitality index (51.3%). Overall, sonication-assisted extraction obtained extracts with greater bioactive and antimicrobial potential and less phytotoxicity. This work was supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) under the scope of the strategic funding of CEB (UIDB/04469/2020), CERNAS (UIDB/00681/2020), CIMO (UIDB/00690/2020), and the Associate Laboratory SusTEC (LA/P/0007/2020). The European Regional Development Fund funded MobFood operation (LISBOA-01-0247-FEDER-024524). L.C. acknowledges research grants CEB-BI-14-2019 and FCT-IPC-i2A-CERNAS/Escola de Verão/BI-01-08, and L.S. acknowledges the research grant FCT-IPC-i2A-CERNAS/Escola de Verão/BII-01-07, all provided by FCT. The Article Processing Charge (APC) was funded by the Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|