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Background The emergence of Candida auris as a global pathogen has been described as a serious global threat by the CDC. It has caused outbreaks in healthcare settings as it is transmissible between patients. The risk factors for candidemia caused by C. auris may be different than candidemia caused by other Candida spp. Methods We performed a multicenter, retrospective case-control study at three hospitals in Brooklyn, New York between 2016 and 2020. Patients with at least one positive blood culture for Candida spp who were started empirically on an antifungal within 24 hours of blood culture positivity were included in the study. Subsequent cases in the same patient were excluded unless separated by at least 90 days from the initial case. Similar variables such as antibiotics and antifungals within the same drug class were compressed into one variable. Variables with a p-value ≤ 0.05 on univariate analysis were entered into a multivariable analysis with a p-value ≤ 0.05 considered to be statistically significant. Results 84 cases of C. auris candidemia and 105 cases of candidemia caused by other Candida spp were included in the analysis. The most common species of other Candida spp was C. glabrata (N=33, 31.7%) followed by C. albicans (N=32, 30.4%). In the multivariable model, the strongest risk factor for C. auris candidemia was prior infection or colonization with C. auris (aOR 17.5; 95% CI, 1.60-192.93; P = 0.019) followed by prior infection or colonization with multidrug-resistant bacteria (aOR 6.97; 95% CI 1.49-32.74, P = 0.014). A history of peripheral vascular disease (PVD) (aOR 7.78; 95% CI 1.34-45.34, P = 0.023), cerebrovascular disease (CVA) (aOR 4.24; 95% CI 1.18-15.20, P = 0.027) and hemiplegia (aOR 6.43; 95% CI 1.19-34.85, P = 0.031) were also statistically significant. These risk factors remained significant analyzing only patients without any history of C. auris. Conclusion These data suggest that in hospitalized patients with candidemia, a history of colonization or infection with C. auris, prior infection or colonization with multidrug-resistant bacteria, as well as a history of PVD, CVA, and hemiplegia are associated with C. auris candidemia. Disclosures Samuel Simon, PharmD, Accelerate Diagnostics (Employee) |
