Life and Death of Fungal Transporters under the Challenge of Polarity
| Autor: | George Diallinas, Sofia Dimou |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Golgi Apparatus Vacuole Review Endoplasmic Reticulum lcsh:Chemistry 0302 clinical medicine Gene Expression Regulation Fungal Cell polarity Golgi Internalization lcsh:QH301-705.5 Spectroscopy media_common traffic Secretory Pathway Chemistry Multivesicular Bodies General Medicine Computer Science Applications Cell biology Protein Transport symbols sorting Aspergillus nidulans Endosome media_common.quotation_subject biology_other Endosomes Saccharomyces cerevisiae Endocytosis Catalysis 12. Responsible consumption Inorganic Chemistry Fungal Proteins 03 medical and health sciences symbols.namesake endocytosis Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Molecular Biology Secretory pathway Endoplasmic reticulum Organic Chemistry Cell Membrane Membrane Transport Proteins Golgi apparatus 030104 developmental biology lcsh:Biology (General) lcsh:QD1-999 13. Climate action Vacuoles fungi Lysosomes UapA 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
| Zdroj: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 21, Iss 5376, p 5376 (2020) International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| ISSN: | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| Popis: | Eukaryotic plasma membrane (PM) transporters face critical challenges that are not widely present in prokaryotes. The two most important issues are proper subcellular traffic and targeting to the PM, and regulated endocytosis in response to physiological, developmental, or stress signals. Sorting of transporters from their site of synthesis, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), to the PM has been long thought, but not formally shown, to occur via the conventional Golgi-dependent vesicular secretory pathway. Endocytosis of specific eukaryotic transporters has been studied more systematically and shown to involve ubiquitination, internalization, and sorting to early endosomes, followed by turnover in the multivesicular bodies (MVB)/lysosomes/vacuole system. In specific cases, internalized transporters have been shown to recycle back to the PM. However, the mechanisms of transporter forward trafficking and turnover have been overturned recently through systematic work in the model fungus Aspergillus nidulans. In this review, we present evidence that shows that transporter traffic to the PM takes place through Golgi bypass and transporter endocytosis operates via a mechanism that is distinct from that of recycling membrane cargoes essential for fungal growth. We discuss these findings in relation to adaptation to challenges imposed by cell polarity in fungi as well as in other eukaryotes and provide a rationale of why transporters and possibly other housekeeping membrane proteins ‘avoid’ routes of polar trafficking. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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