Life and Death of Fungal Transporters under the Challenge of Polarity

Autor: George Diallinas, Sofia Dimou
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
0301 basic medicine
Golgi Apparatus
Vacuole
Review
Endoplasmic Reticulum
lcsh:Chemistry
0302 clinical medicine
Gene Expression Regulation
Fungal
Cell polarity
Golgi
Internalization
lcsh:QH301-705.5
Spectroscopy
media_common
traffic
Secretory Pathway
Chemistry
Multivesicular Bodies
General Medicine
Computer Science Applications
Cell biology
Protein Transport
symbols
sorting
Aspergillus nidulans
Endosome
media_common.quotation_subject
biology_other
Endosomes
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Endocytosis
Catalysis
12. Responsible consumption
Inorganic Chemistry
Fungal Proteins
03 medical and health sciences
symbols.namesake
endocytosis
Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
Molecular Biology
Secretory pathway
Endoplasmic reticulum
Organic Chemistry
Cell Membrane
Membrane Transport Proteins
Golgi apparatus
030104 developmental biology
lcsh:Biology (General)
lcsh:QD1-999
13. Climate action
Vacuoles
fungi
Lysosomes
UapA
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Zdroj: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 21, Iss 5376, p 5376 (2020)
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
ISSN: 1661-6596
1422-0067
Popis: Eukaryotic plasma membrane (PM) transporters face critical challenges that are not widely present in prokaryotes. The two most important issues are proper subcellular traffic and targeting to the PM, and regulated endocytosis in response to physiological, developmental, or stress signals. Sorting of transporters from their site of synthesis, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), to the PM has been long thought, but not formally shown, to occur via the conventional Golgi-dependent vesicular secretory pathway. Endocytosis of specific eukaryotic transporters has been studied more systematically and shown to involve ubiquitination, internalization, and sorting to early endosomes, followed by turnover in the multivesicular bodies (MVB)/lysosomes/vacuole system. In specific cases, internalized transporters have been shown to recycle back to the PM. However, the mechanisms of transporter forward trafficking and turnover have been overturned recently through systematic work in the model fungus Aspergillus nidulans. In this review, we present evidence that shows that transporter traffic to the PM takes place through Golgi bypass and transporter endocytosis operates via a mechanism that is distinct from that of recycling membrane cargoes essential for fungal growth. We discuss these findings in relation to adaptation to challenges imposed by cell polarity in fungi as well as in other eukaryotes and provide a rationale of why transporters and possibly other housekeeping membrane proteins ‘avoid’ routes of polar trafficking.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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