Vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy and its associated factors among third trimester Malaysian pregnant women
| Autor: | Yoke Mun Chan, Fui Chee Woon, Intan Hakimah Ismail, Geeta Appannah, Muliana Edi, Yit Siew Chin, Siti Huzaifah Mohammed Hussien, Marijka Batterham, Meng Lee Tan, Wan Ying Gan, Amir Hamzah Abdul Latiff |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
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Physiology Maternal Health Nutrition Education Organic chemistry Geographical Locations chemistry.chemical_compound 0302 clinical medicine Pregnancy Medicine and Health Sciences Ethnicities 030212 general & internal medicine Vitamin D Body surface area Multidisciplinary Obstetrics Physics Electromagnetic Radiation Malay People Obstetrics and Gynecology Vitamins Body Fluids Physical sciences Chemistry Nutritional deficiencies Milk Micronutrient Deficiencies Sunlight Medicine Female Solar Radiation Anatomy Research Article Vitamin Adult medicine.medical_specialty Asia Pregnancy Trimester Third Science 030209 endocrinology & metabolism Third trimester Lower risk vitamin D deficiency Beverages 03 medical and health sciences Chemical compounds Organic compounds medicine Vitamin D and neurology Humans Nutrition Vitamin D deficiency Biology and life sciences business.industry Malaysia medicine.disease Diet Pregnancy Complications chemistry Dietary Supplements People and Places Women's Health Calcifediol Population Groupings business Body mass index |
| Zdroj: | PLoS ONE, Vol 14, Iss 6, p e0216439 (2019) PLoS ONE |
| ISSN: | 1932-6203 |
| Popis: | BackgroundDespite perennial sunshine, vitamin D deficiency is prevalent among Malaysian especially pregnant women.ObjectiveTo determine the vitamin D status and its associated factors among third trimester pregnant women attending government health clinics in Selangor and Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.MethodsInformation on socio-demographic characteristics, obstetrical history, vitamin D intake, supplement use, and sun exposure were obtained through face-to-face interviews. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration was measured and classified as deficient (< 30 nmol/L), insufficient (30-50 nmol/L), and sufficient (≥ 50 nmol/L).ResultsOf the 535 pregnant women recruited, 42.6% were vitamin D deficient. They consumed an average of 8.7 ± 6.7 μg of vitamin D daily. A total of 80.4% of the vitamin D were obtained from the food sources, while 19.6% were from dietary supplements. Fish and fish products showed the highest contribution to vitamin D intake (35.8%). The multivariate generalized linear mixed models, with clinic as a random effect, indicates that higher intake of vitamin D is associated with lower risk of vitamin D deficiency among pregnant women (OR = 0.96; 95% CI = 0.93-0.99). Non-Malay pregnant women had lower odds of having vitamin D deficiency (OR = 0.13; 95% CI = 0.04-0.37) compared to Malays. No associations were found between age, educational level, monthly household income, work status, gravidity, parity, pre-pregnancy body mass index, total hours of sun exposure, total percentage of body surface area, and sun exposure index per day with vitamin D deficiency.ConclusionsVitamin D deficiency is prevalent among Malaysian pregnant women. Considering the possible adverse obstetric and fetal outcomes of vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy, antenatal screening of vitamin D levels and nutrition education should be emphasised by taking into consideration ethnic differences. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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