Geographically Sourcing Cocaine’s Origin – Delineation of the Nineteen Major Coca Growing Regions in South America
| Autor: | Paul M. Beyer, James Jordan, David R. Morello, Jennifer R. Mallette, John F. Casale |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
Coca
Multidisciplinary biology Agroforestry 010401 analytical chemistry Oxygen Isotopes South America Deuterium biology.organism_classification 01 natural sciences Mass Spectrometry Article 0104 chemical sciences Machine Learning Phylogeography 03 medical and health sciences Alkaloids 0302 clinical medicine Geography Statistical analysis 030216 legal & forensic medicine Multivariate statistical Analysis method |
| Zdroj: | Scientific Reports |
| ISSN: | 2045-2322 |
| DOI: | 10.1038/srep23520 |
| Popis: | Previously, geo-sourcing to five major coca growing regions within South America was accomplished. However, the expansion of coca cultivation throughout South America made sub-regional origin determinations increasingly difficult. The former methodology was recently enhanced with additional stable isotope analyses (2H and 18O) to fully characterize cocaine due to the varying environmental conditions in which the coca was grown. An improved data analysis method was implemented with the combination of machine learning and multivariate statistical analysis methods to provide further partitioning between growing regions. Here, we show how the combination of trace cocaine alkaloids, stable isotopes and multivariate statistical analyses can be used to classify illicit cocaine as originating from one of 19 growing regions within South America. The data obtained through this approach can be used to describe current coca cultivation and production trends, highlight trafficking routes, as well as identify new coca growing regions. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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