Echolucency of the Carotid Artery Intima‐Media Complex and Intima‐Media Thickness Have Different Cardiovascular Risk Factor Relationships: The Women's Interagency HIV Study
| Autor: | Xiaonan Xue, Kathryn Anastos, Mardge H. Cohen, Phyllis C. Tien, Wendy J. Mack, Howard N. Hodis, Anne M. Shircore, Robert H. Selzer, Christina M. Parrinello, Molly Jung, Stephen J. Gange, Jason M. Lazar, Robert C. Kaplan, Michael Plankey |
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| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
medicine.medical_specialty ultrasonics Epidemiology Blood Pressure HIV Infections Carotid Intima-Media Thickness Risk Factors Internal medicine Diabetes mellitus medicine.artery Diabetes Mellitus Humans Medicine Women Common carotid artery Risk factor Original Research business.industry Cholesterol HDL Age Factors virus diseases Echogenicity Cholesterol LDL Women's Interagency HIV Study Middle Aged Atherosclerosis medicine.disease 3. Good health immune system Carotid Arteries Blood pressure Intima-media thickness Cardiovascular Diseases Cardiology Female Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine business |
| Zdroj: | Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease |
| ISSN: | 2047-9980 |
| DOI: | 10.1161/jaha.114.001405 |
| Popis: | Background Adults infected with HIV have increased atherosclerosis potentially associated with both HIV and non‐ HIV associated factors. We characterized risk factors for atherosclerosis as measured by noninvasive vascular imaging. Methods and Results We used B‐mode ultrasound to examine levels and correlates of echogenicity and vessel wall thickness of the carotid artery intima‐media complex in 1282 HIV ‐infected and 510 HIV ‐uninfected women of the Women's Interagency HIV Study. Levels of gray scale median ( GSM , a measure of echogenicity) did not vary between HIV infection groups. In both groups, smokers had increased GSM , whereas age, diabetes, elevated blood pressure, and high BMI were associated with lower (rather than higher) GSM . Each of these non‐lipid CVD risk factors, especially age and blood pressure, was also associated with higher levels of carotid artery intima‐media thickness ( cIMT ). Higher serum triglyceride levels were associated with lower GSM in both HIV ‐infected and HIV ‐uninfected groups. Additional lipid risk factors for low GSM including high LDL cholesterol and low HDL cholesterol levels were identified in HIV uninfected but not in HIV infected women. In contrast to findings for GSM , among the lipid parameters only LDL cholesterol level had an association with cIMT , which was observed only in the HIV uninfected group. Conclusions Lipid and non‐lipid risk factor associations with echolucency of the carotid artery and the thickness of the common carotid artery intima‐media layer suggest that these measures capture different aspects of atherosclerosis. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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