Effects of agricultural landscape structure, insecticide residues, and pollen diversity on the life-history traits of the red mason bee Osmia bicornis
| Autor: | Bożena Łozowicka, Jaya Sravanthi Mokkapati, Dariusz Teper, Piotr Kaczyński, Agnieszka J. Bednarska, Agnieszka Wnęk, Ryszard Laskowski, Łukasz Mikołajczyk, Elżbieta Ziółkowska, Renata Śliwińska, Karolina Kocjan |
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| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Insecticides
Environmental Engineering Range (biology) agroecosystem toxic unit Foraging Biology medicine.disease_cause land-use change Nest Pollen medicine Mason bee Environmental Chemistry Dominance (ecology) Animals Pollination Waste Management and Disposal pesticide solitary bee Ecology Brassica napus Pesticide Residues Agriculture Bees floral resources biology.organism_classification Pollution Species richness Monoculture |
| Zdroj: | The Science of the total environment. 809 |
| ISSN: | 1879-1026 |
| Popis: | Agricultural landscapes have changed substantially in recent decades, shifting from the dominance of small fields (S) with diverse cropping systems toward large-scale monoculture (L), where landscape heterogeneity disappears. In this study, artificial nests of the red mason bee, Osmia bicornis, were placed in S and L landscape types on the perimeter of oilseed rape fields representing different oilseed rape coverages (ORC, % land cover). The local landscape structure around each nest was characterised within a 100, 200, 500, and 1000 m radius using ORC and 14 landscape characteristics, which were then reduced by non-metric multidimensional scaling (nMDS) to two axes: nMDS1 characterised the dataset primarily according to land fragmentation and the main crop, whereas nMDS2 captured the prevalence of more natural areas in the landscape. Pollen diversity and insecticide risk levels in the pollen provisions collected by the bees were analysed, and their dependence on the landscape structure was tested. Thereafter, the effects of pollen diversity, insecticide risk, and landscape structure on the life-history traits of bees and their sensitivity to topically applied Dursban 480 EC were determined. Pollen taxa richness in a single nest ranged from 3 to 12, and 34 pesticides were detected in the pollen at concentrations of up to 320 ng/g for desmedipham. The O. bicornis foraging range was relatively large, indicating that the landscape structure within a radius of ~1000 m around the nest is important for this species. Pollen diversity in the studied areas was of minor importance for bee performance, but the ORC or landscape structure significantly affected the life-history traits of the bees. Contamination of pollen with insecticides affected the bees by decreasing the mass of newly emerged adults but their sensitivity to Dursban 480 EC was not related to environmental variables. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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