Scyliorhinus stellaris

Autor: Soares, Karla D. A., De, Marcelo R.
Rok vydání: 2019
Předmět:
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3510384
Popis: Scyliorhinus stellaris (Linnaeus, 1758) (Figs. 70–76, Tabs. 3, 9, 16) Common names: Large spotted dogfish, Larger spotted dogfsh, Greater spotted dogfsh, Nurse hound, Bull huss, Spotted dogfsh (United Kingdom); Le squale rochier, Chat rochier, Rousette a grandes taches, Panthêre de mer, Cat rouquiera, Pinto reussou, Vache (France); Pantherhai, Hundshai, Grossgefleckter Katzenhai (Germany); Grote gevlekte hondshaai (Netherlands); Bounce (Belgium); Bruxa, Cacåo, Carraca, Cascarra, Gata, Bata roxa, Pata roxa denisa (Portugal); Alitán, Gat, Gatet, Gato, Gaton, Muxina, Pintarroja (Spain). Squalus stellaris Linnaeus, 1758:235 (original description, type locality: Mediterranean Sea); Houttuin, 1764: 508 –509 (compilation); Linnaeus, 1766: 399 (compilation); Berkenhout, 1769: 36 (catalogue, Great Britain and Ireland); Heppe, 1787: 212 (compilation); Bonnaterre, 1788: 7 (compilation); Duperrey, 1830: 83 (catalogue, expedition ‘La Coquille’); Lacépède, 1830: 384–387 (compilation). Scyllium stellaris: Risso, 1826:116 (catalogue, Southern Europe); Jenyns, 1835: 496 –497 (catalogue, United Kingdom). Catulus saxatilis: Valmont, 1769: 51 (listed). Scyllium catulus: Cuvier, 1817: 124 (compilation); Cuvier, 1829: 386 (compilation); Cuvier et al., 1834: 586 (brief account, classification); Partington, 1837: 651 (compilation); Parnell, 1838: 407 –409 (catalogue, North Sea); Müller & Henle, 1838 –41: 9–11 (brief description, systematics of Elasmobranchii); Gosse, 1851: 310 (compilation); Hamilton, 1854: 300 - 301 (compilation); Duméril, 1865: 316 –318 (compilation); Bocage & Capello, 1866: 11 (catalogue, Portugal); Moreau, 1881: 280 –284, fig. 36 (catalogue, France); Day, 1884: 312–314, fig. 2, pl. 159 (catalogue, Great Britain and Ireland); Gordon, 1902: 135 (catalogue, Great Britain); Coward, 1910: 161 (catalogue, Cheschire and Liverpool Bay); Leigh- Sharpe, 1920: 247–251, fig.1 (clasper description) [synonymy follows Springer 1973:19]. Scyllium stellare: Fleming, 1828:165 (catalogue, United Kingdom); Schinz, 1840: 461 (catalogue, Europe); Thompson, 1856: 247 (listed); Günther, 1870: 403 (catalogue, British Museum); Doderlein, 1880: 22–24 (catalogue, Mediterranean Sea); Balfour, 1881: 656 –671 (anatomy and development of paired fins); Faber, 1883: 181 –182 (catalogue, Adriatic Gulf); Jungersen, 1899: 34 –36, pl. II, figs. 16-18. VI, figs. 65, 66 (clasper description); Danois, 1913: 15, figs. 4, 8 (compilation). Scylliorhinus stellaris: Blainville, 1830:71, pl. 17 (listed, classification). Catulus stellaris: Hoffman & Jordan, 1892: 233 (catalogue, Greece); Garman, 1913: 75 –76 (brief account). Scyliorhinus stellaris: Regan, 1908: 457 (brief account); Ford, 1921: 492 –493 (diet); Bigelow & Schroeder, 1948: 203 (catalogue, comparison with species of Northwestern Atlantic); Tortonese, 1956: 130, figs. 66–69 (catalogue, Italy); Wheeler, 1969: 44, fig. 15 (catalogue, British Islands); Springer, 1973: 19 (listed, Northeastern Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea); Springer, 1979: 143 –144, figs. 3, 94 (taxonomic review); Cadenat & Blache, 1981: 178 –181, figs. 121b, 122 (except part referring to specimens of S. cervigoni); Compagno 1984; 366–367 (FAO catalogue); Compagno, 1999: 480 (listed); Soldo et al., 2000: 355 –356 (tooth morphology); Compagno et al. 2005: 252, pl. 41 (compilation); Serena, 2005: 38, pl. IV, 31 (FAO catalogue, Mediterranean Sea); Capapé et al., 2006: 29 –36 (reproductive biology); Fricke et al., 2007: 13 (listed); George, 2009 (listed, North Sea): 35; Ebert et al. 2013a: 372, 383, pl. 51 (compilation); Ebert & Stehmann, 2013: 211 –2012, figs. 242, 243 (egg capsules); Sabata & Clò, 2013: 178 –179 (reproductive biology); Bilecenoglu et al., 2014: 904 (catalogue, Turkey); Gordon et al., 2016: 272 –273, fig. 8c (egg capsules); Weigmann, 2016: 44 (listed). Haploblepharus stellaris: White, 1937: 121 (listed, systematics). Scyllium (Betascyllium) catulus: Leigh-Sharpe, 1924: 325 (clasper description, classification). Scyllium (Betascyllium) stellare: Leigh-Sharpe, 1924: 326 (clasper description, classification). Neotype. NHMUK 1976.7.30.10, male, 476 mm TL (Banyuls, Pyrenees, France) [designated herein]. Additional material examined. 98 specimens (see Appendix). Diagnosis. Scyliorhinus stellaris differs from all congeners by presenting a mesonarial ridge extending posteriorly beyond the posterior border of anterior nasal flap (vs. not exceeding it in all other species); pelvic fins trapezoidal (vs. subtriangular in other species, except S. garmani and S. torazame); color pattern composed of dark spots with well-defined borders and predominantly greater than spiracles (vs. dark spots absent in S. capensis, S. comoroensis, S. hesperius, S. meadi, S. torazame, and S. torrei; reticulated pattern in S. retifer; dark spots predominantly smaller than spiracle in S. boa and S. cabofriensis; spots scattered, diffuse in S. duhamelii). The following combination of characters, although less conspicuous, also helps distinguish this species: spots scattered along the dorsolateral surface (vs. spots predominantly restricted to saddles in S. boa, S. cervigoni and S. haeckelii); anterior nasal flaps reaching the upper lip (vs. not exceeding in others, except in S. cervigoni, S. comoroensis, S. duhamelii, and S. garmani); distance between anterior nasal flaps two times smaller than width of anterior nasal flap (vs. 6–7.5 times in S. canicula; 3.5–5 times smaller in S. duhamelii); nasoral grooves absent and posterior nasal flaps situated on posterior border of excurrent apertures (vs. grooves present and flaps laterally situated in S. canicula and S. duhamelii); interdorsal distance 0.6–1.0 times the anal base (vs. greater than the anal base in S. boa, S. cabofriensis, S. haeckelii, S. hesperius, S. meadi, S. retifer, S. torrei, and S. ugoi); mandibular canal of lateral line system with 6 or 7 pores (vs. 4–5 in S. duhamelii; 3–4 in S. hesperius); oral canal of lateral line system with 7–10 pores (vs. 5–6 in S. hesperius; 10–12 in S. duhamelii; 9–13 in S. torrei); commissural teeth with two cusplets (vs. one in S. cervigoni, S. torazame and S. torrei; three or more in S. boa, S. canicula and S. hesperius); upper tooth rows 41–51 (vs. 33–42 in S. torrei); lower tooth rows 34–50 (vs. 48–85 in S. capensis); pelvic apron extending to 2/ 3 length of pelvic inner margins (vs. extending through almost pelvic entire length in S. canicula, S. capensis, S. duhamelii, S. torazame, and S. torrei); clasper with terminal dermal cover smooth (vs. rough in S. canicula and S. capensis); cover rhipidion covered by dermal denticles (vs. denticles absent in S. boa, S. cervigoni, S. hesperius, and S. retifer); terminal 3 cartilage absent (vs. present in S. boa, S. canicula, S. capensis, S. retifer, and S. torazame); dorsal terminal 2 cartilage elongated and corresponding to 1/4 of dorsal terminal cartilage (vs. reduced and subtriangular in S. cabofriensis, S. capensis, S. cervigoni, S. haeckelii, and, S. ugoi; 1/3 of dorsal terminal cartilage in S. boa and S. comoroensis; cartilages same length in S. torazame); counts of monospondylous vertebrae 43–47 (vs. lower counts in than S. boa, S. cabofriensis, S. canicula, S. comoroensis, S. duhamelii, S. haeckelii, S. hesperius, S. torazame, and S. torrei; 48 in S. garmani); adult males between 700–740 mm TL and adult females between 770–790 mm TL (vs. adult sizes smaller in other species, except S. capensis, S. cervigoni and S. meadi). Description. Morphometric and meristic data are given in Table 16, and neurocranial measurements in Table 9. Body robust, tapering considerably posterior to cloaca (Figs. 70, 71). Prepectoral length 0.5 times the prepelvic length. Trunk shorter than tail; snout-vent length 0.8–0.9 (0.8) times vent-caudal length. Pectoral-pelvic space 1.9–3.1 (2.1) times the pelvic-anal space. Interdorsal space 1.8–2 (1.8) times the dorsal-caudal space (Tab. 16). No interdorsal, postdorsal or postanal ridges; lateral crest on caudal peduncle absent. ......continued on the next page Head broad and depressed; head length 1.4–1.6 (1.8) times head width (Figs. 70, 71). Snout relatively short, preoral length 0.5–0.7 (0.6) times mouth width and 0.7–0.9 (0.7) times smaller than preorbital length. Prenasal length 0.4–0.6 (0.5) times internarial space; preorbital length 0.8–0.9 (0.8) times interorbital space. Eye large and slitlike, eye length 2.1–4.5 (2.8) times its height and 0.2 times smaller than head length (Figs. 70, 71). Eye dorsolateral on head, with lower edge medial to horizontal head rim in dorsal view; subocular ridge strong. Nictitating lower eyelid of rudimentary type, with shallow subocular pouch and secondary lower eyelid free from upper eyelid. Spiracle close behind but well separated from eyes, dorsolaterally on head and somewhat lower than level of eye notch. Spiracle diameter goes 2.3–4.5 (3.4) times in eye length and 5.1–8.8 (7.5) times in interorbital distance. First two gill openings about equally wide; first one twice as long as fifth. All gill openings slightly concave and not elevated on dorsolateral surface of head; gill filaments not visible externally. Nostril with broad incurrent aperture, without nasoral groove or nasal barbel, and small and oval excurrent aperture. Anterior nasal flap large, triangular, covering posterior nasal flap and excurrent aperture, and touching the upper lip (Figs. 72 A–B). Mesonarial ridge distinct and extending posteriorly beyond the posterior border of the anterior nasal flap. Posterior nasal flap rectangular, situated on the posterior border of the excurrent aperture. Mesonarial superior and inferior flaps conical and corresponding to 1/3 of anterior nasal flap. Internarial space 0.7–0.8 (0.7) times the interorbital space. Mouth arched, moderately wide and short, its length goes 1.4–1.9 (1.6) times in mouth width (Figs. 72 A–B). Lower labial furrow short and narrow, 2.8–4 (3.9) times smaller than mouth width. Dorsal labial cartilage 1.3 times the ventral cartilage; anterior tip of dorsal labial cartilage reaching the orbital process of the palatoquadrate. Tongue flat and rounded, light-colored, with oral papillae hardly detectable. Monognathic heterodonty gradual well developed; anterior teeth abruptly larger than the parasymphysial ones and lateral teeth smaller distally, with smaller and thicker principal cusps (Fig. 73). Sexual heterodonty pronounced with females presenting shorter principal cusp and more developed cusplets than males. Tooth counts 20–26 16–25/16–25 0– 1 16–24. Parasymphysial teeth with a principal cusp flanked by one cusplet on each side; cusplets half the height and the width of the principal cusp. Protuberances on medial portion of the crown base and striae restricted to the crown base. Anterior teeth larger than the parasymphysial and principal cusp less stout. Anterior teeth with two to four cusplets; marginal cusplets poorly developed and 1/3 the height of proximal cusplets in upper teeth and poorly developed in lower teeth. Proximal cusplets 1/3 the height and the width of the principal cusp in teeth in both jaws. Protuberances on the crown base and striae extending to one half the height of crown. Lateral teeth with three cusplets; principal cusp slightly oblique, two cusplets at the mesial edge and one at the distal edge. Mesial proximal and distal cusplets one halt to 2/3 the height of the principal cusp; mesial marginal cusplet half the height of proximal one. Protuberances on the crown base and striae running from base toward the apex of the principal cusp. Commissural teeth with two cusplets; principal cusp stronger and laterally situated. Cusplets 2/3 the height and the width of the principal cusp. Protuberances on the crown base and striae throughout the crown. Ectodermal pits present in lateral and commissural teeth, restricted to the crown base. Lateral trunk denticles with flat, elongated teardrop-shaped crowns, 1.6–1.8 times as long as wide (Tab. 3); anterior part covered with ectodermal pits. Dermal denticles above the pectoral fin presenting five ridges, median ridge less prominent than in denticles of other regions and not extending to the intersection between principal cusp and cusplets. Denticles below dorsal fins longer and with prominent median and lateral ridges, extending to the distal tip of cusplets (Fig. 74). Pectoral base 0.7–0.8 (0.8) times mouth width (Fig. 72D). Pectoral anterior margin 2.1–2.2 (2.3) times its base and 1.4–1.7 (1.5) times the posterior margin. Pectoral fin skeleton aplesodic with radials mostly divided into three segments. Propterygium and mesopterygium trapezoidal; the former smaller than the latter. Propterygium with one proximal segment; mesopterygium with 3–4 proximal segments fused proximally. Metapterygium with 8–9 segments. Metapterygial axis rectangular and corresponding to 1/4 of metapterygium. Pelvic fin subrectangular in females and trapezoid in males (Figs. 72 E–F); pelvic anterior margin 1–1.3 (1.1) times the posterior margins and 0.9–1 time the pelvic base. Pelvic inner margins of males fused by 2/3 of their extension; claspers of juveniles evident without lifting the pelvic apron. Clasper short and cylindrical (Fig. 72F), sometimes extending beyond free rear tips of pelvic fins; clasper inner length 1.4–1.7 (1.3) times the pelvic anterior margin, 1.7–3 (2.4) times the clasper outer length and 3.7–4.8 (4.4) times the clasper base. Most of clasper surface except ventrolateral and dorsomedial surface of glans, rhipidion, and terminal dermal cover, covered by dermal denticles with anteriorly directed crowns (Fig. 75A). Clasper hooks absent. Rhipidion well-developed, partly covered medially by a prominent exorhipidion and anteriorly by the cover rhipidion; insertion of rhipidion at posterior portion of dorsal terminal 2 cartilage and extending to the end of glans. Cover rhipidion expanded medially reaching the exorhipidion, and sometimes covered by this anteriorly; both cover rhipidion and exorhipidion covering the clasper groove. Envelope absent; pseudosiphon distinct and robust. Terminal dermal cover extending for 1/3 of the ventral terminal cartilage, covering the posterior edges of exorhipidion and cover rhipidion. Clasper skeleton relatively simple (Fig. 75B). Ventral terminal cartilage beginning anteriorly, but ending together with the dorsal terminal. Terminal 3 cartilage absent. Dorsal terminal 2 cartilage elongated and rod-like, medially positioned on the dorsal terminal cartilage; this cartilage supports the rhipidion and corresponds to 1/4 the length of dorsal terminal cartilage. Ventral terminal 2 cartilage slender, above the ventral terminal cartilage, and corresponding to 2/3 of this; ventral terminal 2 cartilage beginning at the same level that dorsal terminal 2. First dorsal fin subrectangular or triangular, with nearly straight anterior margin, rounded apex and angular free rear tip (Figs. 70, 71). First dorsal fin origin slightly anterior to the pelvic fin insertion. First dorsal fin insertion opposite to the anterior 1/3 of pelvic-anal distance. Anterior margin 1.5 (1.3) times first dorsal fin base; first dorsal fin height 0.8 times its base. Second dorsal fin triangular and smaller than the first (Figs. 70, 71). Second dorsal fin origin slightly posterior to the anal midbase and insertion opposite to the posterior end of the anal fin. Anterior margin 1.3 times base of second dorsal fin; second dorsal base 1.6–1.8 (1.6) times its height and 0.4–0.6 (0.6) times the dorsal-caudal distance. First dorsal fin 1.3–1.4 (1.4) times larger than the second dorsal fin. Anal fin rounded, apically narrow and not falcate (Figs. 70, 71); anal fin base 1.6–1.8 (1.6) times the second dorsal fin base. Anal fin anterior margin nearly straight, apex rounded, free rear tip acutely pointed, and inner margin nearly straight. Anal fin base 1.4–2.1 (1.4) times the interdorsal distance and 2–2.2 (2.2) times the dorsalcaudal distance. Anal fin anterior margin 1.8–2.1 (1.8) times the posterior margin; anal fin height 0.3–0.4 (0.4) times its base. Caudal fin narrow-lobed and asymmetrical (Figs. 70, 71). Dorsal caudal lobe 1.2–1.4 (1.5) times larger than preventral lobe; subterminal caudal margin 0.7–0.8 (0.7) times the terminal margin. Caudal crest of enlarged denticles absent on caudal fin margins. Neurocranium broad and somewhat flattened, corresponding to 8.9–9.5% TL. Rostrum length 1.4–1.7 times the distance between lateral rostral cartilages. Nasal capsule wider than long, oval-shaped and expanded laterally; width 1.1–1.2 times its length. Basal plate flat with narrow borders, its width 2–2.1 times smaller than nasobasal length. Orbital region 2.5–2.6 times smaller than nasobasal length. Otic capsule short, its length 4.4–4.6 times smaller than nasobasal length and width 2.7–2.8 times otic capsule length. Width across postorbital processes 1.1–1.2 times the preorbital processes width (Tab. 9). Coloration in alcohol. Body beige with dark brown spots greater than spiracles and distributed along the dorsolateral surface; spots smaller in dorsal regions than in lateral regions (Figs. 70, 71). Lunate and clear center spots present. Longitudinal dorsal stripe extending from level of spiracle to caudal peduncle in some specimens; seven to eight saddles present or absent. Subsaddles between saddles anterior to the first dorsal fin. Juveniles with numerous dark and small spots, usually with light spots, and sometimes saddles distinct in relation to the background. Belly and ventral surface of paired fins with or without dark spots. Distribution. This species is distributed along the Balearic and Tyrrhenian Seas, in the continental shelves of Italy, Tunisia, France and Spain, with two records in the Adriatic Sea close to Venice, Italy, and Rovinj, Croatia. Also found along the Northeastern Atlantic in the continental shelves of Portugal, France and the United Kingdom, as well as one record for the North Sea (55°N, 3°E). No records exist from northwestern Africa (Fig. 76). Biological data. Adult males between 700–740 mm TL; largest male examined 956 mm. Adult females between 770–790 mm TL; largest female examined 971 mm TL. Maximum size recorded 1900 mm (Fischer et al. 1987); sizes larger in the northern part of its distribution (up to 1500 mm TL) than in the Mediterranean Sea (750 mm TL) (Tortonese 1956). Egg deposition occurs
Published as part of Soares, Karla D. A. & De, Marcelo R., 2019, The catshark genus Scyliorhinus (Chondrichthyes: Carcharhiniformes: Scyliorhinidae): taxonomy, morphology and distribution, pp. 1-147 in Zootaxa 4601 (1) on pages 97-106, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4601.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/2669727
{"references":["Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema Naturae. 10 th Edition. Impensis Direct. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae, 824 pp.","Houttuin, F. (1764) Natuurlyke historie: of, Uitvoerige beschryving der dieren, planten, en mineraalen. F. Houttuyn, Amsterdam, 500 pp.","Linnaeus, C. (1766) Systema Naturae. 12 th Edition. Impensis direct. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae, 532 pp.","Berkenhout, J. (1769) Outlines of the natural history of Great Britain and Ireland, containing a systematic arrangement and concise description of all the animals, vegetables and fossils which have hitherto been discovered in these kingdoms. Fol. 1. Printed for P. Elmsly (Successor to Mr. Vaillant), London, 233 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 37140","Heppe, J. C. (1787) Abbildung und Beschreibung der Fische. Samuel Winterschmid, Nurnberg, 306 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 6765","Bonnaterre, P. J. (1788) Tableau encyclopedique et methodique des trois regnes de la nature. Chez Panckoucke, Paris, 215 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 11660","Duperrey, M. L. I. (1830) Foyage autour du monde execute par ordre du roi, sur la corvette de Sa Majeste, la Coquille, pendant les annees 1822, 1823, 1824, et 1825. Tome II. Arthus Bertrand, Paris, 155 pp.","Risso, A. (1826) Histoire naturelle des principales productions de l'Europe meridionale et particulierement de celles des environs de Nice et des Alpes Maritimes. F. - G. Levrault Libraire, Paris, 402 pp.","Jenyns, L. (1835) A manual of British vertebrate animals: or Descriptions of all the animals belonging to the classes, Mammalia, Aves, Reptilia, Amphibia, and Pisces, which have been hitherto observed in the British Islands: including the domesticated, naturalized, and extirpated species: the whole systematically arranged. J. & J. J. Deighton, Cambridge, 559 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 110940","Valmont, J. C. B. (1769) Dictionnaire raissone d' histoire naturelle. Fols. 10. 12 th Edition. 538 pp.","Cuvier, G. L. C. F. D. (1817) Le regne animal distribue d'apres son organisation, pour servir de base a l'histoire naturelle des animaux et d'introduction a l'anatomie comparee. Fol. 2. Chez Deterville, Paris, 532 pp.","Cuvier, G. L. C. F. D. (1829) Le regne animal, distribue d'apres son organisation, pour servir de base a l'histoire naturelle des animaux et d'introduction a l'anatomie comparee. Fol. 2. Deterville, de l'Impr. de A. Belin, Paris, 584 pp.","Cuvier, G. L. C. F. D., Griffith, E. & Smith, C. (1834) The animal kingdom: arranged in conformity with its organization. The class Pisces, London, 10, 1 - 680.","Partington, C. F. (1837) The British cyclopaedia of natural history: combining a scientific classification of animals, plants, and minerals. W. S. Orr & Co., Amen Corner, Paternoster-row, London, 880 pp.","Parnell, R. (1838) Prize essay on the natural and economical history of the fishes marine, fluviatile, and lacustrine, of the river district of the Firth of Forth. Neill & Co Parsons, Edinburgh, pp. 161 - 520.","Muller, J. & Henle, J. (1838 - 41) Systematische Beschreibung der Plagiostomen. Viet und Comp., Berlin, 200 pp.","Gosse, P. H. (1851) Natural history: Fishes. Society for promoting Christian knowledge, London, 327 pp.","Hamilton, R. (1854) Ichthyology. Vol 3. British Fishes, Pt 2. In: Jardine, W. (Ed.), The naturalist's library. Fol. 37. W. H. Lizars, Edinburgh, 424 pp.","Dumeril, A. H. A. (1865) Histoire naturelle des poissons ou ichthyologie generale. Tome Premier. Elasmobranches. Plagiostomes et Holocephales ou Chimeres. Librairie Encyclopedique de Roret, Paris, 720 pp.","Bocage, J. V. B. & Capello, F. B. C. (1866) Peixes Plagiostomos. Pt. I: Esqualos. Typographia da Academia Real das Sciencias, Lisboa, 56 pp.","Moreau, E. (1881) Histoire naturelle des poissons de la France. Tome I. G. Masson, Paris, 480 pp.","Gordon, W. J. (1902) Our country's fishes and how to know them: a guide to all the fishes of Great Britain. Simpkin, Hamilton, Kent & Co, London, 152 pp.","Coward, T. A. (1910) The vertebrate fauna of Cheshire and Liverpool Bay. Fol. 2. Witherby & Co., London, 210 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 48659","Springer, S. (1973) Scyliorhinidae. In: Hureau, J. C. & Monod, T. (Eds.), Check-list of the fishes of the north-eastern Atlantic and of the Mediterranean. Fol. 1. UNESCO, Paris, pp. 19 - 21.","Fleming, J. (1828) A history of British animals: exhibiting the descriptive characters and systematical arrangement of the genera and species of quadrupeds, birds, reptiles, fishes, mollusca, and radiata of the United Kingdom; including the indigenous, extirpated, and extinct kinds, together with periodical and occasional visitants. Bell & Bradfute, Edinburgh, 565 pp.","Schinz, H. R. (1840) Europaische Fauna, oder, Ferzeichniss der wirbelthiere Europa's. E. Schweizerbarts Verlagshandlung, Stuttgart, 448 pp.","Thompson, W. (1856) Fishes of Ireland. In: The natural history of Ireland. Vol. IV. Mammalia, reptiles, and fishes, also invertebrata. Fishes of Ireland, London, 1856, 69 - 268.","Gunther, A. (1870) Catalogue of the Fishes in the British Museum. Fol. 8. Taylor & Francis, London, 549 pp.","Balfour, F. M. (1881) On the development of the skeleton of the paired fins of Elasmobranchii, considered in relation to its bearings on the nature of the limbs of the Vertebrata. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1881, 656 - 671.","Faber, G. L. (1883) The fisheries of the Adriatic and the fish thereof: a report of the Austro-Hungarian sea-fisheries, with a detailed description of the marine fauna of the Adriatic Gulf. Bernard Quaritch, London, 292 pp.","Jungersen, H. F. E. (1899) On the apendices genitales in the greenland shark Somniosus microcephalus (Bl. Schn.) and another selachians. Danish Ingolf Expedition. Fol. II. Bianco luno, Copenhagen, 88 pp.","Danois, E. (1913) Contribution a l'etude de systematique et biologique poisons de la Manche Occidentale. In: Joubin, L. (Ed.), Annales de l'Institut oceanographique. Tome F. Monaco et Cie, Paris, pp. 1 - 214.","Hoffman, H. A. & Jordan, D. S. (1892) A catalogue of the fishes of Greece with notes on the names now in use and those employed by classical authors. Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 44, 230 - 286.","Garman, S. (1913) The Plagiostomia (Sharks, skates and rays). Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 36, 1 - 515.","Regan, C. T. (1908) A synopsis of the sharks of the family Scyliorhinidae. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 8 (1), 453 - 465. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222930808692434","Ford, E. (1921) A contribution to our knowledge of the life-histories of the dogfishes landed at Plymouth. Journal of the Marine Biological Associaton of the United Kingdom, 12, 468 - 505. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0025315400006317","Bigelow, H. B. & Schroeder W. C. (1948) Fishes of the Western North Atlantic. Part I. Lancelets, Cyclostomes and Sharks. Yale University, New Haven, 576 pp.","Tortonese, E. (1956) Fauna d'Italia. Fol. 2. Leptocardia, Cicrostomata, Selachii. Edizioni Calderini, Bologna, 327 pp.","Wheeler, A. (1969) The fishes of the British Isles and north-west Europe. Macmillan, London, 613 pp.","Springer, S. (1979) A revision of the catsharks, Family Scyliorhinidae. NOAA technical report NMFS CIRC, 422, 1 - 97.","Cadenat, J. & Blache, J. (1981) Requins de Mediterranee et d'Atlantique (plus particulierement de la Cote Occidentale d'Afrique). Fauna Tropicale, 21, 1 - 330.","Compagno, L. J. V. (1984) FAO species catalogue. Fol. 4. Sharks of the world: An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 2. Carcharhiniformes. In: FAO Fisheries Synopsis No. 125. Fol. 4. Part 2. FAO, Rome, pp. 251 - 655.","Compagno, L. J. V. (1999) Checklist of living elasmobranchs. In: Hamlett, W. C. (Ed.), Sharks, skates, and rays: the biology of elasmobranch fishes. Johns Hopkins University Press, Maryland, pp. 471 - 498.","Soldo, A., Dulcic, J. & Cetinic, P. (2000) Contribution to the study of the morphology of the teeth of the nursehound Scyliorhinus stellaris (Chondrichthyes: Scyliorhinidae). Scientia Marina, 64 (3), 355 - 356. https: // doi. org / 10.3989 / scimar. 2000.64 n 3355","Compagno, L. J. V., Dando, M. & Fowler, S. (2005) Sharks of the World. Princeton University Press, Princeton, 368 pp.","Serena, F. (2005) Field identification guide to the sharks and rays of the Mediterranean and Black Sea. FAO Species Identification Guide for Fishery Purposes. FAO, Rome, 97 pp.","Capape, C., Vergne, Y., Vianet, R., Guelorget, O. & Quignard, J. - P. (2006) Biological observations on the nursehound, Scyliorhinus stellaris (Linnaeus, 1758) (Chondrichthyes: Scyliorhinidae) in captivity. Acta Adriatica, 47 (1), 29 - 36.","Fricke, R., Bilecenoglu, M. & Sari, H. M. (2007) Annotated checklist of fish and lamprey species (Gnathostomata and Petromyzontomorphi) of Turkey, including a Red List of threatened and declining species. Stuttgarter Beitrage zur Naturkunde (A), 706, 1 - 169.","George, M. R. (2009) An annotated checklist of North Sea cartilaginous fish species. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 25 (Supplement 1), 33 - 39. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1439 - 0426.2009.01303. x","Ebert, D. A. & Stehmann, M. (2013) Sharks, batoids, and chimaeras of the North Atlantic. In: FAO Species Catalogue for Fishery Purposes. Fol. 7. FAO, Rome, pp. 1 - 523.","Sabata, E. de & & Clo, S. (2013) Some breeding sites of the nursehound (Scyliorhinus stellaris) (Chondrichthyes, Scyliorhinidae) in Italian waters, as reported by divers. In: Biologia Marina Mediterranea. Vol. 20. Fasc. 1. ATTI XLIF Congresso SIBM, Roma, 14 - 16 Maggio, 2013, pp. 178 - 179.","Bilecenoglu, M., Kaya, M., Cihangir, B. & Cicek, E. (2014) An updated checklist of the marine fishes of Turkey. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 38, 901 - 929. https: // doi. org / 10.3906 / zoo- 1405 - 60","Gordon, C. A., Hood, A. R. & Ellis, J. R. (2016) Descriptions and revised key to the eggcases of the skates (Rajiformes: Rajidae) and catsharks (Carcharhiniformes: Scyliorhinidae) of the British Isles. Zootaxa, 4150 (3), 255 - 280. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4150.3.2","Weigmann, S. (2016) Annotated checklist of the living sharks, batoids and chimaeras (Chondrichthyes) of the world, with a focus on biogeographical diversity. Journal of Fish Biology, 88 (3), 837 - 1037. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / jfb. 12874","White, E. G. (1937) Interrelationships of the elasmobranchs with a key to the order Galea. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 74 (2), 25 - 138.","Leigh-Sharpe, W. H. (1924) The comparative morphology of the secondary sexual characters of elasmobranch fishes. The claspers, clasper siphons, and clasper glands. Memoir VII. Journal of Morphology and Physiology, 39 (2), 567 - 577. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / jmor. 1050390210","Fischer, W., Bauchot, M. L. & Schneider, M. R. (1987) Fiches FAO d'identification des especes pour les besoins de la peche. (Revision 1). In: Mediterranee et Mer Noire. Zone de peche 37. Fol. 2. Fertebres. FAO, Rome, pp. 761 - 1530.","Azouz, A. & Capape, C. (1971) Les relations alimentaires entre les selaciens et le zoobenthos des cotes nord de la Tunisie. Bulletin Institute Oceanographic Peeche Salammbo, 2 (2), 121 - 130.","Ellis, J., Mancusi, C., Serena, F., Haka, F., Guallart, J., Ungaro, N., Coelho, R., Schembri, T. & MacKenzie, K. (2009) Scyliorhinus canicula. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, 2009, e. T 161399 A 5415204.","Fricke, R. (1999) Annotated checklist of the marine and estuarine fishes of Germany, with remarks on their taxonomic identity. Stuttgarter Beitrage zur Naturkunde (A), 587, 1 - 67.","Motomura. H. (2001) Invalid neotype designations by Fricke (1999). Ichthyological Research, 48, 435 - 437. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10228 - 001 - 8170 - 1"]}
Databáze: OpenAIRE
Externí odkaz: