Cholera Incidence and Mortality in Sub-Saharan African Sites during Multi-country Surveillance
| Autor: | Veronique Sarr, Raphael Kakongo Senga, Cynthia Sema, Guy Mutombo, Godfrey Bwire, Pawou Bidjada, Dorteia Inguane, Dadja Essoya Landoh, Delphine Sauvageot, Ouyi Valentin Tante, Liliana Candida Dengo-Baloi, Jean Claude Anne, Annie Mutombo, Daouda Coulibaly, José Paulo Langa, Christopher Garimoi Orach, Abiba Kere Banla, Berthe Marie Njanpop-Lafourcade, Mamadou Saliou, Yao Jean Pierre Kouame, Sakoba Keita, Muggaga Malimbo, Atek Kagirita, Martin A. Mengel, Issa Makumbi, Emilienne Niamke NGuetta, Adele Kacou-N'Douba, Bradford D. Gessner, Berthe Miwanda, Fode Sory, Mireille Dosso, Laurent Akilimali, Didier Bompangue |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Agence de Médecine Préventive, Service de Microbiologie [Kinshasa, République Démocratique du Congo], Faculté de Médecine [Kinshasa, République Démocratique du Congo], Université Libre de Kinshasa (ULK)-Université Libre de Kinshasa (ULK), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Institut Pasteur de Côte d'Ivoire, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), UFR des Sciences Médicales, Département de Microbiologie, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-CHU de Cocody-Abidjan, Division Prévention et Lutte contre la Maladie, Ministère de la Santé et de l’Hygiène Publique, UNICEF, country office of Togo, Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale [Kinshasa] (INRB), Health Ministry, Government of the Democratic Republic of Congo |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
Bacterial Diseases
Epidemiology Marine and Aquatic Sciences Geographical Locations 0302 clinical medicine Cholera Environmental protection Medicine and Health Sciences Uganda 030212 general & internal medicine Child Mozambique ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS Disease surveillance Incidence Incidence (epidemiology) lcsh:Public aspects of medicine Middle Aged 3. Good health Infectious Diseases Geography Togo Child Preschool [SDE]Environmental Sciences Research Article Neglected Tropical Diseases Freshwater Environments Adult medicine.medical_specialty Côte d'Ivoire Sub saharan lcsh:Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine Adolescent lcsh:RC955-962 030231 tropical medicine Cote d ivoire Disease Surveillance 03 medical and health sciences Environmental health medicine Humans Africa South of the Sahara Ecology and Environmental Sciences Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Aquatic Environments Infant lcsh:RA1-1270 Bodies of Water Tropical Diseases medicine.disease Lakes People and Places Africa Earth Sciences Guinea Multi country |
| Zdroj: | PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 10, Iss 5, p e0004679 (2016) PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Public Library of Science, 2016, 10 (5), pp.e0004679. ⟨10.1371/journal.pntd.0004679⟩ |
| ISSN: | 1935-2735 1935-2727 |
| DOI: | 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004679⟩ |
| Popis: | Background Cholera burden in Africa remains unknown, often because of weak national surveillance systems. We analyzed data from the African Cholera Surveillance Network (www.africhol.org). Methods/ Principal findings During June 2011–December 2013, we conducted enhanced surveillance in seven zones and four outbreak sites in Togo, the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Guinea, Uganda, Mozambique and Cote d’Ivoire. All health facilities treating cholera cases were included. Cholera incidences were calculated using culture-confirmed cholera cases and culture-confirmed cholera cases corrected for lack of culture testing usually due to overwhelmed health systems and imperfect test sensitivity. Of 13,377 reported suspected cases, 34% occurred in Conakry, Guinea, 47% in Goma, DRC, and 19% in the remaining sites. From 0–40% of suspected cases were aged under five years and from 0.3–86% had rice water stools. Within surveillance zones, 0–37% of suspected cases had confirmed cholera compared to 27–38% during outbreaks. Annual confirmed incidence per 10,000 population was Author Summary Cholera burden in Africa remains unknown, often because of weak national surveillance systems. Reporting is non-exhaustive for various reasons, such as individual and community fears of stigmatization and economic loss. Furthermore, only 3% to 5% of all cases are laboratory confirmed. A variety of case definitions are used across countries, which could lead to cholera over or under-reporting. Our study presents the first data from prospective multi-country cholera surveillance in Africa, and the only such data based on culture confirmation and that includes a description of clinical presentation. We show how confirmed cholera cases varied over time by setting, and identified three epidemiological patterns that can guide decision-making processes. We documented that reliance on suspected cases–as is usually done in national surveillance–rather than confirmed cases can over-estimate substantially cholera incidence. Finally, our surveillance strategy of using case-based reporting and a standard comprehensive case reporting form provided more information on at-risk populations and geographical hot spots than is currently available in the literature; this is turn should facilitate development of efficient preventive strategies. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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