The eye as a novel imaging site in diabetes research
| Autor: | Per Olof Berggren, Shao-Nian Yang |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
RIP Rat insulin promoter Biomedical Research CFP Cyan fluorescent protein T2D Type 2 diabetes βFLUOMETRI β Cell fluorescence metabolic transcriptional-response indicator Rag2−/− Recombination activating gene 2-deficient Islets of Langerhans Transplantation The anterior chamber of the eye Teff Effector T 0302 clinical medicine Diabetes mellitus ob/+ Heterozygous for the obese spontaneous mutation TCR-HA T cell receptor α/β chains specific for the MHC Class II I-Ed-restricted determinant site 1 of HA Pharmacology (medical) ACE The anterior chamber of the eye IEQ Islet equivalent geography.geographical_feature_category SCID Severe combined immunodeficiency mutation T1D Type 1 diabetes Islet DC Dendritic cell B6 C57BL/6 iPSC Induced pluripotent stem cell 3. Good health medicine.anatomical_structure HA Influenza hemagglutinin 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis In vivo imaging GFP Green fluorescent protein ob/ob Homozygous for the obese spontaneous mutation Preclinical imaging Anterior Chamber CaV Voltage-gated Ca2+ Ad Adenoviral HSD High sucrose diet Context (language use) Article [Ca2+]i Cytosolic free calcium concentration Pancreatic islet NOD Non-obese diabetic 03 medical and health sciences Insulin resistance HFD High fat diet In vivo HFrD High fructose diet medicine Animals Humans ND Normal diet Pharmacology MHC Major histocompatibility complex geography business.industry Pancreatic islets MIP Mouse insulin promoter STZ Streptozotocin Tg Transgenic KATP Adenosine triphosphate-sensitive K+ medicine.disease Treg Regulatory T 030104 developmental biology βIRB β Cell insulin resistance biosensor Autoimmune insulitis business Insulitis Neuroscience |
| Zdroj: | Pharmacology & Therapeutics |
| ISSN: | 1879-016X |
| Popis: | Diabetes develops due to deficient functional β cell mass, insulin resistance, or both. Yet, various challenges in understanding the mechanisms underlying diabetes development in vivo remain to be overcome owing to the lack of appropriate intravital imaging technologies. To meet these challenges, we have exploited the anterior chamber of the eye (ACE) as a novel imaging site to understand diabetes basics and clinics in vivo. We have developed a technology platform transplanting pancreatic islets into the ACE where they later on can be imaged non-invasively for long time. It turns out that the ACE serves as an optimal imaging site and provides implanted islets with an oxygen-rich milieu and an immune-privileged niche where they undergo optimal engraftment, rich vascularization and dense innervation, preserve organotypic features and live with satisfactory viability and functionality. The ACE technology has led to a series of significant observations. It enables in vivo microscopy of islet cytoarchitecture, function and viability in the physiological context and intravital imaging of a variety of pathological events such as autoimmune insulitis, defects in β cell function and mass and insulin resistance during diabetes development in a real-time manner. Furthermore, application of the ACE technology in humanized mice and non-human primates verifies translational and clinical values of the technology. In this article, we describe the ACE technology in detail, review accumulated knowledge gained by means of the ACE technology and delineate prospective avenues for the ACE technology. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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