Human hepatitis D virus-specific T cell epitopes
| Autor: | Julian Schulze zur Wiesch, Matin Kohsar, Christoph Neumann-Haefelin, Johanna Landahl |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
HBsAg
PTM post-translational modification viruses Review AST aspartate aminotransferase L-HDAg large hepatitis delta antigen Epitope CD4+ NK cells natural killer cells Interferon Hepatitis Delta HBV Immunology and Allergy aa amino acid(s) epitope Th1 T helper 1 viral escape Gastroenterology virus diseases cccDNA NTCP sodium taurocholate co-transporting polypeptide medicine.anatomical_structure cccDNA covalently closed circular DNA S-HDAg small hepatitis delta antigen medicine.drug T cell Biology Major histocompatibility complex ADAR1 adenosine deaminases acting on RNA Virus PD-1 programmed cell death protein 1 TCF T cell-specific transcription factor HDV ALT alanine aminotransferase ELISpot enzyme-linked immune spot assay Internal Medicine medicine TNFα tumour necrosis factor-α IFN- interferon PBMCs peripheral blood mononuclear cells Hepatology Peg-IFN-α pegylated interferon alpha biochemical phenomena metabolism and nutrition CD8+ HDAg hepatitis delta antigen Virology MAIT mucosa-associated invariant T cells biology.protein CD8 ICS intracellular cytokine staining |
| Zdroj: | JHEP Reports |
| ISSN: | 2589-5559 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.jhepr.2021.100294 |
| Popis: | Summary HDV is a small, defective RNA virus that requires the HBsAg of HBV for its assembly, release, and transmission. Chronic HBV/HDV infection often has a severe clinical outcome and is difficult to treat. The important role of a robust virus-specific T cell response for natural viral control has been established for many other chronic viral infections, but the exact role of the T cell response in the control and progression of chronic HDV infection is far less clear. Several recent studies have characterised HDV-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses on a peptide level. This review comprehensively summarises all HDV-specific T cell epitopes described to date and describes our current knowledge of the role of T cells in HDV infection. While we now have better tools to study the adaptive anti-HDV-specific T cell response, further efforts are needed to define the HLA restriction of additional HDV-specific T cell epitopes, establish additional HDV-specific MHC tetramers, understand the degree of cross HDV genotype reactivity of individual epitopes and understand the correlation of the HBV- and HDV-specific T cell response, as well as the breadth and specificity of the intrahepatic HDV-specific T cell response. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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