The Muscle Typology of Elite and World-Class Swimmers
| Autor: | Phillip Bellinger, Eline Lievens, Ben Kennedy, Hal Rice, Wim Derave, Clare Minahan |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2022 |
| Předmět: |
Male
spectroscopy Physical Therapy SPRINT Carnosine ENERGY-COST Physical Therapy Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation PERFORMANCE VELOCITY carnosine DISTANCE Medicine and Health Sciences SKELETAL-MUSCLE Humans Female Orthopedics and Sports Medicine swimming muscle fiber-type composition Muscle Skeletal STROKE Swimming FIBER COMPOSITION |
| Zdroj: | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS PHYSIOLOGY AND PERFORMANCE |
| ISSN: | 1555-0273 1555-0265 |
| Popis: | Purpose: To examine whether the muscle typology of elite and world-class swimmers could discriminate between their best distance event, swimming stroke style, or performance level. Methodology: The muscle carnosine content of 43 male (860 [76] FINA [Fédération Internationale de Natation] points) and 30 female (881 [63] FINA points) swimmers was measured in the soleus and gastrocnemius by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy and expressed as a carnosine aggregate Z score (CAZ score) to estimate muscle typology. A higher CAZ score is associated with a higher estimated proportion of type II fibers. Swimmers were categorized by their best stroke, distance category (sprinters, 50–100 m; middle distance, 200–400 m; or long distance, 800 m–open water), and performance level (world-class, world top 10, or elite and world top 100 swimmers outside of the world top 10). Results: There was no significant difference in the CAZ score of sprint- (−0.08 [0.55]), middle- (−0.17 [0.70]), or long-distance swimmers (−0.30 [0.75], P = .693). World-class sprint swimmers (all strokes included) had a significantly higher CAZ score (0.37 [0.70]) when compared to elite sprint swimmers (−0.25 [0.61], P = .024, d = 0.94). Breaststroke swimmers (0.69 [0.73]) had a significantly higher CAZ score compared to freestyle (−0.24 [0.54], P d = 1.46), backstroke (−0.16 [0.47], P = .006, d = 1.42), and butterfly swimmers (−0.39 [0.53], P d = 1.70). Furthermore, within the cohort of breaststroke swimmers, there was a significant positive correlation between FINA points and CAZ score (r = .728, P = .011); however, this association was not evident in other strokes. Conclusion: While there was no clear association between muscle typology and event distance specialization, world-class sprint swimmers possess a greater estimated proportion of type II fibers compared to elite sprint swimmers, as well as breaststroke swimmers compared to freestyle, backstroke, and butterfly swimmers. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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