Treadmill exercise restores high fat diet-induced disturbance of hippocampal neurogenesis through β2-adrenergic receptor-dependent induction of thioredoxin-1 and brain-derived neurotrophic factor
| Autor: | Tae Kyung Han, Hee Sun Kim, Yea Hyun Leem |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Male medicine.medical_specialty Doublecortin Protein Neurogenesis Physical Exertion Hippocampus Water maze Hippocampal formation Motor Activity Diet High-Fat 03 medical and health sciences Mice 0302 clinical medicine Thioredoxins Neurotrophic factors Memory Internal medicine Physical Conditioning Animal medicine Animals Molecular Biology Neuroinflammation Brain-derived neurotrophic factor Cerebral Cortex Memory Disorders biology business.industry General Neuroscience Dentate gyrus Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor digestive oral and skin physiology nutritional and metabolic diseases food and beverages Temporal Lobe Doublecortin Mice Inbred C57BL 030104 developmental biology Endocrinology Neuroprotective Agents biology.protein Neurology (clinical) Microglia Receptors Adrenergic beta-2 business 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Developmental Biology |
| Zdroj: | Brain research. 1707 |
| ISSN: | 1872-6240 |
| Popis: | A high-fat diet (HFD) is known to induce metabolic disturbances that may lead to cognitive impairment. In the present study, we investigated whether a regular treadmill exercise program would improve HFD-induced hippocampal-dependent memory deficits in C57BL/6 mice. Weight gain and hepatic triglyceride levels were profoundly elevated following administration of a 60% HFD for 23 weeks, and this change was attenuated by 23-weeks of treadmill running. The exercise regimen attenuated impairments in memory function of HFD-fed mice in a water maze test and recovered HFD-induced anti-neurogenic effects as shown by immunohistochemistry data with Ki-67 and doublecortin (DCX) antibodies. Moreover, the treadmill exercise resulted in anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective effects in the HFD-fed brain. The exercise inhibited HFD-induced microglial activation, expression of proinflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β), and NF-κB activity in the dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus. In addition, the exercise reduced malondialdehyde levels elevated by HFD and recovered antioxidant superoxide dismutase and glutathione levels in hippocampal DG of HFD-mice. The exercise also reduced the number of apoptotic cells induced by HFD, as shown by TUNEL staining in the DG region. Finally, we demonstrated that the thioredoxin-1 (TRX-1) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels were recovered by exercise, which was demonstrated to act via β2-adrenergic receptor enriched in synaptosomes of the DG. Therefore, our data collectively suggests that regular exercise may be a promising approach to preventing HFD-induced memory impairments via anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and neuroprotective mechanisms in the hippocampal DG region. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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