INTERACTION OF REINFORCEMENT SCHEDULES, A BEHAVIORAL PROSTHESIS, AND WORK-RELATED BEHAVIOR IN ADULTS WITH MENTAL RETARDATION
| Autor: | Richard R. Saunders, Muriel D. Saunders, Julie E. McEntee |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2005 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Schedule medicine.medical_specialty Reinforcement Schedule Sociology and Political Science Work behavior medicine.medical_treatment Audiology Severity of Illness Index Prosthesis Work related Developmental psychology Intellectual Disability medicine Humans Reinforcement Applied Psychology Balance (ability) Observer Variation Mental Disorders Philosophy Reinforcement schedules Psychology Reinforcement Psychology Profound mental retardation Research Article |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis. 38:163-176 |
| ISSN: | 1938-3703 0021-8855 |
| DOI: | 10.1901/jaba.2005.9-04 |
| Popis: | The effects of variable-interval (VI) and fixed-ratio (FR) schedules of reinforcement for work-related behavior and an organizer for the work materials (behavioral prosthesis) were evaluated with 3 adults with severe or profound mental retardation. The participants had been recommended for study because of high rates of off-task and aberrant behavior in their daily vocational training programs. For 2 participants, VI and FR schedules resulted in the same outcome: more aberrant behavior than on-task and off-task behavior combined. The FR schedule nearly eliminated emission of aberrant and off-task behavior by the 3rd participant. Combining the behavioral prosthesis with FR reinforcement (FR+O) increased the proportion of time spent in on-task behavior by all participants under certain FR schedule parameters. Second-by-second analyses of the observation records revealed that FR schedules reduced off-task and aberrant behavior during work sequences (i.e., ratio runs), and FR+O led to a further reduction of these behaviors during postreinforcement pauses. Overall, the results show how organizer and schedule parameters can be adjusted to produce an optimized balance between productivity and reinforcement while undesirable behavior is minimized. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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