Existing semantic knowledge provides a schematic scaffold for inference in early cognitive decline, but not in amnestic MCI
| Autor: | Sandra Gardner, R. Shayna Rosenbaum, Arber Kacollja, Jennifer D. Ryan, Rachel N. Newsome, Maria C. D’Angelo |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Adolescent Cognitive Neuroscience Statistical relational learning Inference Experimental and Cognitive Psychology Neuropsychological Tests 050105 experimental psychology Young Adult 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) Developmental and Educational Psychology Humans Semantic memory Cognitive Dysfunction 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences Cognitive decline Transitive relation 05 social sciences Cognition Semantics Knowledge Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology Expression (architecture) Premise Female Psychology 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Cognitive psychology |
| Zdroj: | Cognitive Neuropsychology. 37:75-96 |
| ISSN: | 1464-0627 0264-3294 |
| DOI: | 10.1080/02643294.2019.1684886 |
| Popis: | Healthy older adults show impaired relational learning, but improved transitive expression when inferences are made across pre-experimentally known premise relations. Here, we used the transitivity paradigm to ask whether the organizational structure within schemas facilitates the bridging of relations for novel inference for otherwise healthy older adults who are exhibiting early signs of cognitive decline ("at-risk" older adults), and individuals with single- or multiple-domain amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). Relational learning was impaired in the two older adult groups, but transitive expression was facilitated by prior semantic knowledge of relations. Prior semantic knowledge did not improve novel inference for aMCI individuals. Schematic scaffolding can successfully support inference in preclinical cognitive decline, but such cognitive support may no longer be useful later in the disease process when dysfunction in neural circuitry may be too severe. The findings encourage future work of semantic knowledge and inference in larger samples of aMCI cases. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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