Plasma disposition of ceftazidime in healthy neonatal foals following intravenous and intramuscular administration
Autor: | Brenton C. Credille, Virginia R. Fajt, Clare A. Ryan, Christina D. McNeal, Chih-Ping Lo, Londa J. Berghaus |
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Rok vydání: | 2020 |
Předmět: |
medicine.drug_class
Cephalosporin Cmax Ceftazidime Injections Intramuscular Sepsis Pharmacokinetics biology.animal medicine Animals Horses Pharmacology General Veterinary biology business.industry Aminoglycoside medicine.disease Bioavailability Anti-Bacterial Agents Cephalosporins Foal Anesthesia Administration Intravenous business medicine.drug |
Zdroj: | Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeuticsREFERENCES. 44(4) |
ISSN: | 1365-2885 |
Popis: | Cephalosporin antimicrobials can be utilized for the treatment of sepsis in neonatal foals, particularly when an aminoglycoside is contraindicated. Some cephalosporins, however, are not utilized because of cost, sporadic availability, or uncertainty about efficacy. The plasma disposition of ceftazidime, a third-generation cephalosporin with a broad spectrum of activity against a wide variety of gram-negative bacteria and minimal renal side effects has not been reported in neonatal foals. In this study, the plasma disposition of single intravenous (IV) and intramuscular (IM) doses of ceftazidime in neonatal foals was determined. Six healthy one to two-day-old foals were given 25 mg/kg of ceftazidime by IV and IM routes in a cross-over design, with a 48-h washout period between doses. Non-compartmental analysis was used to estimate plasma pharmacokinetic parameters. Median t1/2 was 2 h and median AUC0-last was 364 µg h/ml for both IV and IM administration. Median Cmax after IM administration was 101 µg/ml, with a median Tmax of 0.7 h. Relative bioavailability of IM injection was 90%. There were no statistically significant differences between estimated IV and IM pharmacokinetic parameters. Plasma concentrations remained above the human CLSI susceptible breakpoint for Enterobacteriaceae for over 8 h following IV and IM administration. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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