The formation pathways of polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PBDD/Fs) from pyrolysis of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs): Effects of bromination arrangement and level
| Autor: | Jiahao Liang, Hua Yin, Fengyu Jiang, Ting Tang, Wenjie Yu, Xueqin Tao, Kaibo Huang, Zhi Dang, Rui Wang, Guining Lu |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
021110 strategic
defence & security studies Environmental Engineering Bromine Chemistry Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis 0211 other engineering and technologies Halogenation chemistry.chemical_element Ether 02 engineering and technology 010501 environmental sciences 01 natural sciences Pollution chemistry.chemical_compound Polybrominated diphenyl ethers Congener Environmental chemistry Environmental Chemistry Oxygen bridge Waste Management and Disposal Pyrolysis 0105 earth and related environmental sciences |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Hazardous Materials. 399:123004 |
| ISSN: | 0304-3894 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123004 |
| Popis: | This study presents comprehensive formation pathways of polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PBDD/Fs) from the pyrolysis of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). A total of 23 PBDE congeners, from mono- to hepta- brominated, were selected to conduct the pyrolysis experiments. The results suggest that n-PBDEs (where n means the number of bromine substituents) can transform into n/(n-1) PBDFs and (n-1)/(n-2) PBDDs as long as they meet certain structural requirement. One single PBDE congener can only transform (if possible) specific PBDF or PBDD based on their specific brominated arrangement by direct/oxygen bridge connecting the two ortho-carbon atoms. Among all selected BDEs, we found that only 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexaBDE (BDE-153) can transform into 2,3,7,8-tetraBDD, which is most toxic congener among these group of compounds. When the degree of bromination increased, the yield of polybromobenzene increased, while that of the PBDD/Fs decreased, suggesting that the higher PBDEs favors to break the ether bond to form polybromobenzene, while the lower PBDEs favor transformation into PBDD/Fs. We proposed that the results in this study greatly improved our understanding on the transformation of PBDD/Fs from PBDEs in the pyrolysis process. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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