Variable-Speed Wind Turbine Control Designed for Coordinated Fast Frequency Reserves
| Autor: | Karl Henrik Johansson, Daniel Vázquez Pombo, Joakim Björk |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Wind power
Computer science business.industry Frequency stability FCR Energy Engineering and Power Technology Nordic power system Systems and Control (eess.SY) FFR Turbine Transfer function Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Systems and Control Variable speed wind turbine Renewable energy Electric power system Control theory Dynamic virtual power plant FOS: Electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering Overshoot (signal) Hydro SDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy Electrical and Electronic Engineering business |
| Zdroj: | Björk, J, Pombo, D V & Johansson, K H 2022, ' Variable-Speed Wind Turbine Control Designed for Coordinated Fast Frequency Reserves ', IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, vol. 37, no. 2, pp. 1471-1481 . https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2021.3104905 |
| DOI: | 10.1109/TPWRS.2021.3104905 |
| Popis: | Modern power systems present low levels of inertia due to the growing shares of converter-interfaced generation. Consequently, renewable energy sources are increasingly requested to provide frequency support. In addition, due to the inertia loss, the requirements regarding frequency containment reserves (FCR) are becoming tough to meet with traditional units such as hydro, whose non-minimum phase (NMP) characteristic reduces the closed-loop stability margins. The shortcomings of traditional synchronous generation motivates new protocols for fast frequency reserves (FFR). In this work, we design a wind turbine (WT) model useful for FFR. It is shown that the dynamical shortcomings of the WT, in providing steady-power or slow FCR support, are suitably described by a first-order transfer function with a slow NMP zero. The WT model is tested in a 5-machine representation of the Nordic synchronous grid. It is shown that the NMP model is useful for designing a controller that coordinates FFR from wind with slow FCR from hydro turbines. By simulating the disconnection of a 1400 MW importing dc link in a detailed nonlinear model, it is shown that the wind--hydro combination not only satisfies the latest regulations, but also presents a smooth response avoiding overshoot and secondary frequency dips during frequency recovery. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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