The likelihood of extinction of iconic and dominant herbivores and detritivores of coral reefs: the parrotfishes and surgeonfishes
| Autor: | Jennifer L. McIlwain, Luiz A. Rocha, Muhammad E. Lazuardi, Barry C. Russell, Mia T. Comeros-Raynal, Andreas Muljadi, Heather Harwell, John Howard Choat, Brian Stockwell, Rene A. Abesamis, Shinta Pardede, Cleto L Nanola, Matthew T. Craig, Kent E. Carpenter, Kendall D. Clements, Beth Polidoro, R Myers, Jonnell C. Sanciangco |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2012 |
| Předmět: |
Population Dynamics
Endangered species Marine and Aquatic Sciences lcsh:Medicine Coral Triangle Marine Conservation lcsh:Science Atlantic Ocean Conservation Science Data deficient Multidisciplinary Near-threatened species geography.geographical_feature_category Ecology Coral Reefs Marine Ecology Biodiversity Coral reef Anthozoa Research Article Conservation of Natural Resources Ecological Metrics Marine Biology Biology Extinction Biological Species Specificity Animals Herbivory Species Extinction Probability geography Pacific Ocean Endangered Species lcsh:R Species Diversity Feeding Behavior Marine Environments Perciformes Fishery Habitat destruction Extinction Risk Threatened species Earth Sciences lcsh:Q Species Richness Species richness Environmental Protection Ecological Environments |
| Zdroj: | PLoS ONE, Vol 7, Iss 7, p e39825 (2012) PLoS ONE |
| ISSN: | 1932-6203 |
| Popis: | Parrotfishes and surgeonfishes perform important functional roles in the dynamics of coral reef systems. This is a consequence of their varied feeding behaviors ranging from targeted consumption of living plant material (primarily surgeonfishes) to feeding on detrital aggregates that are either scraped from the reef surface or excavated from the deeper reef substratum (primarily parrotfishes). Increased fishing pressure and widespread habitat destruction have led to population declines for several species of these two groups. Species-specific data on global distribution, population status, life history characteristics, and major threats were compiled for each of the 179 known species of parrotfishes and surgeonfishes to determine the likelihood of extinction of each species under the Categories and Criteria of the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Due in part to the extensive distributions of most species and the life history traits exhibited in these two families, only three (1.7%) of the species are listed at an elevated risk of global extinction. The majority of the parrotfishes and surgeonfishes (86%) are listed as Least Concern, 10% are listed as Data Deficient and 1% are listed as Near Threatened. The risk of localized extinction, however, is higher in some areas, particularly in the Coral Triangle region. The relatively low proportion of species globally listed in threatened Categories is highly encouraging, and some conservation successes are attributed to concentrated conservation efforts. However, with the growing realization of man's profound impact on the planet, conservation actions such as improved marine reserve networks, more stringent fishing regulations, and continued monitoring of the population status at the species and community levels are imperative for the prevention of species loss in these groups of important and iconic coral reef fishes. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|