Combination therapy with antibiotics and anthrax immune globulin intravenous (AIGIV) is potentially more effective than antibiotics alone in rabbit model of inhalational anthrax

Autor: Srinivas Kammanadiminti, Chris Sinclair, Ravi Kumar Patnaikuni, Gabriel T. Meister, Shantha Kodihalli, Jason E. Comer
Rok vydání: 2013
Předmět:
Male
Bacterial Diseases
Antibiotics
lcsh:Medicine
Bacteremia
Levofloxacin
Pharmacology
Biochemistry
Zoonoses
Drug Discovery
Medicine and Health Sciences
lcsh:Science
Respiratory Tract Infections
Multidisciplinary
Immune System Proteins
biology
Immunoglobulins
Intravenous
Animal Models
Bacillus anthracis
Anti-Bacterial Agents
Treatment Outcome
Infectious Diseases
Veterinary Diseases
Drug Therapy
Combination
Female
Rabbits
medicine.drug
Research Article
Drug Research and Development
Combination therapy
Infectious Disease Control
medicine.drug_class
Toxemia
Immunology
Placebo
Research and Analysis Methods
Microbiology
Antibodies
Anthrax
Model Organisms
medicine
Animals
Survival rate
Antigens
Bacterial
business.industry
Lethal dose
lcsh:R
Biology and Life Sciences
Proteins
biology.organism_classification
medicine.disease
bacterial infections and mycoses
Disease Models
Animal
lcsh:Q
Clinical Immunology
Veterinary Science
business
Zdroj: PLoS ONE
PLoS ONE, Vol 9, Iss 9, p e106393 (2014)
ISSN: 1932-6203
Popis: Background We have evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of AIGIV when given in combination with levofloxacin and the effective window of treatment to assess the added benefit provided by AIGIV over standard antibiotic treatment alone in a New Zealand white rabbit model of inhalational anthrax. Methods Rabbits were exposed to lethal dose of aerosolized spores of Bacillus anthracis (Ames strain) and treated intravenously with either placebo, (normal immune globulin intravenous, IGIV) or 15 U/kg of AIGIV, along with oral levofloxacin treatment at various time points (30–96 hours) after anthrax exposure. Results The majority of treated animals (>88%) survived in both treatment groups when treatment was initiated within 60 hours of post-exposure. However, reduced survival of 55%, 33% and 25% was observed for placebo + levofloxacin group when the treatment was initiated at 72, 84 and 96 hours post-exposure, respectively. Conversely, a survival rate of 65%, 40% and 71% was observed in the AIGIV + levofloxacin treated groups at these time points. Conclusions The combination of AIGIV with antibiotics provided an improvement in survival compared to levofloxacin treatment alone when treatment was delayed up to 96 hours post-anthrax exposure. Additionally, AIGIV treatment when given as an adjunct therapy at any of the time points tested did not interfere with the efficacy of levofloxacin.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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