Olfactory and Neuromodulatory Signals Reverse Visual Object Avoidance to Approach in Drosophila
| Autor: | Mark A. Frye, Rachel A. Colbath, Karen Y. Cheng |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
genetic structures Conditioning Classical Sensory system valence reversal Optogenetics Biology Basic Behavioral and Social Science Medical and Health Sciences General Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Stimulus modality octopamine Behavioral and Social Science Avoidance Learning Animals Valence (psychology) Octopamine Eye Disease and Disorders of Vision Neurons Neurotransmitter Agents multisensory integration Psychology and Cognitive Sciences Neurosciences Multisensory integration Octopamine receptors Biological Sciences Classical Tdc2 030104 developmental biology Drosophila melanogaster Odor Odorants neuromodulation Visual Perception Olfactory Learning General Agricultural and Biological Sciences Neuroscience 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Conditioning Signal Transduction Developmental Biology |
| Zdroj: | Current biology : CB, vol 29, iss 12 |
| Popis: | Behavioral reactions of animals to environmental sensory stimuli are sometimes reflexive and stereotyped but can also vary depending on contextual conditions. Engaging in active foraging or flight provokes a reversal in the valence of carbon dioxide responses from aversion to approach in Drosophila [1, 2], whereas mosquitoes encountering this same chemical cue show enhanced approach toward a small visual object [3]. Sensory plasticity in insects has been broadly attributed to the action of biogenic amines, which modulate behaviors such as olfactory learning, aggression, feeding, and egg laying [4-14]. Octopamine acts rapidly upon the onset of flight to modulate the response gain of directionally selective motion-detecting neurons in Drosophila [15]. How the action of biogenic amines might couple sensory modalities to each other or to locomotive states remains poorly understood. Here, we use a visual flight simulator [16] equipped for odor delivery [17] to confirm that flies avoid a small contrasting visual object in odorless air [18] but that the same animals reverse their preference to approach in the presence of attractive food odor. An aversive odor does not reverse object aversion. Optogenetic activation of either octopaminergic neurons or directionally selective motion-detecting neurons that express octopamine receptors elicits visual valence reversal in the absence of odor. Our results suggest a parsimonious model in which odor-activated octopamine release excites the motion detection pathway to increase the saliency of either a small object or a bar, eliciting tracking responses by both visual features. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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