The Development of Opposition-Defiance During Toddlerhood
| Autor: | Raymond H. Baillargeon, Guanqiong Cao, Kate Keenan |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2012 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Longitudinal study medicine.medical_specialty Population Opposition (politics) Population based cohort Sex Factors Surveys and Questionnaires Epidemiology Developmental and Educational Psychology medicine Humans Longitudinal Studies Age of Onset education education.field_of_study digestive oral and skin physiology Quebec Child development Markov Chains Psychiatry and Mental health Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders Child Preschool Pediatrics Perinatology and Child Health Female Age of onset Psychology Birth cohort Demography |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics. 33:608-617 |
| ISSN: | 0196-206X |
| DOI: | 10.1097/dbp.0b013e3182653c6c |
| Popis: | OBJECTIVE: There is now emerging epidemiological evidence that a substantial proportion of toddlers in the general population may be experiencing a significant opposition-defiance problem before 2 years of age. This article describes the continuity and discontinuity in boys' and girls' opposition-defiance statuses during toddlerhood. METHOD: Data came from The Quebec Longitudinal Study of Child Development, a survey of a representative birth cohort of children from the Canadian province of Quebec. A time-specific latent variables (Markov) model was used to estimate the proportion of toddlers who cease or start to exhibit oppositional-defiant behaviors (ODBs) on a frequent basis between 17 and 29 months of age and to test for gender differences therein. RESULTS: A majority of toddlers who had exhibited ODBs on a frequent basis at 17 months of age were still doing so 1 year later. Also, a majority of toddlers who did exhibit ODBs on a frequent basis at 29 months of age had done so 1 year earlier. The results also show that there are more toddlers who start than stop exhibiting ODBs on a frequent basis during this period. Further, the continuity and discontinuity in toddlers' opposition-defiance statuses during this period did not vary between boys and girls, suggesting that gender differences in opposition-defiance have not yet emerged by the second half of the third year of life. CONCLUSION: The predictive accuracy of early opposition-defiance is very good, with a substantial proportion of toddlers experiencing a significant opposition-defiance problem throughout toddlerhood. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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