Function of microRNAs in the Osteogenic Differentiation and Therapeutic Application of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells (ASCs)
| Autor: | Frederick O’Brien, Walter M. Hodges, Sadanand Fulzele, Mark W. Hamrick |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Bone Regeneration BMP2 Subcutaneous Fat Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 Adipose tissue Review Bone healing Bone morphogenetic protein 2 Catalysis lcsh:Chemistry Inorganic Chemistry 03 medical and health sciences Osteogenesis Transforming Growth Factor beta microRNA Adipocytes Humans Medicine miR-31 Physical and Theoretical Chemistry lcsh:QH301-705.5 Molecular Biology miR-23a Spectroscopy miR-17 business.industry Stem Cells TGFβ1 Organic Chemistry Mesenchymal stem cell Cell Differentiation General Medicine bone repair Computer Science Applications mir-31 MicroRNAs 030104 developmental biology lcsh:Biology (General) lcsh:QD1-999 Cancer research Stem cell business Stem Cell Transplantation Transforming growth factor |
| Zdroj: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 18, Iss 12, p 2597 (2017) |
| ISSN: | 1422-0067 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/ijms18122597 |
| Popis: | Traumatic wounds with segmental bone defects represent substantial reconstructive challenges. Autologous bone grafting is considered the gold standard for surgical treatment in many cases, but donor site morbidity and associated post-operative complications remain a concern. Advances in regenerative techniques utilizing mesenchymal stem cell populations from bone and adipose tissue have opened the door to improving bone repair in the limbs, spine, and craniofacial skeleton. The widespread availability, ease of extraction, and lack of immunogenicity have made adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) particularly attractive as a stem cell source for regenerative strategies. Recently it has been shown that small, non-coding miRNAs are involved in the osteogenic differentiation of ASCs. Specifically, microRNAs such as miR-17, miR-23a, and miR-31 are expressed during the osteogenic differentiation of ASCs, and appear to play a role in inhibiting various steps in bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP2) mediated osteogenesis. Importantly, a number of microRNAs including miR-17 and miR-31 that act to attenuate the osteogenic differentiation of ASCs are themselves stimulated by transforming growth factor β-1 (TGFβ-1). In addition, transforming growth factor β-1 is also known to suppress the expression of microRNAs involved in myogenic differentiation. These data suggest that preconditioning strategies to reduce TGFβ-1 activity in ASCs may improve the therapeutic potential of ASCs for musculoskeletal application. Moreover, these findings support the isolation of ASCs from subcutaneous fat depots that tend to have low endogenous levels of TGFβ-1 expression. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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