Determining the terrain characteristics related to the surface expression of subsurface water pressurization in permafrost landscapes using susceptibility modelling
| Autor: | Paul Treitz, Jean E. Holloway, Ashley Rudy, Scott F. Lamoureux |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
lcsh:GE1-350
Topographic Wetness Index 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences lcsh:QE1-996.5 Terrain 15. Life on land 010502 geochemistry & geophysics Permafrost 01 natural sciences Normalized Difference Vegetation Index Active layer lcsh:Geology Infiltration (hydrology) Arctic 13. Climate action Subsurface flow Geomorphology Geology lcsh:Environmental sciences 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Earth-Surface Processes Water Science and Technology |
| Zdroj: | The Cryosphere, Vol 11, Pp 1403-1415 (2017) |
| ISSN: | 1994-0424 |
| Popis: | Warming of the Arctic in recent years has led to changes in the active layer and uppermost permafrost. In particular, thick active layer formation results in more frequent thaw of the ice-rich transient layer. This addition of moisture, as well as infiltration from late season precipitation, results in high pore-water pressures (PWPs) at the base of the active layer and can potentially result in landscape degradation. To predict areas that have the potential for subsurface pressurization, we use susceptibility maps generated using a generalized additive model (GAM). As model response variables, we used active layer detachments (ALDs) and mud ejections (MEs), both formed by high PWP conditions at the Cape Bounty Arctic Watershed Observatory, Melville Island, Canada. As explanatory variables, we used the terrain characteristics elevation, slope, distance to water, topographic position index (TPI), potential incoming solar radiation (PISR), distance to water, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI; ME model only), geology, and topographic wetness index (TWI). ALDs and MEs were accurately modelled in terms of susceptibility to disturbance across the study area. The susceptibility models demonstrate that ALDs are most probable on hill slopes with gradual to steep slopes and relatively low PISR, whereas MEs are associated with higher elevation areas, lower slope angles and in areas relatively far from water. Based on these results, this method identifies areas that may be sensitive to high PWPs, and helps improve our understanding of geomorphic sensitivity to permafrost degradation. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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