Volcanic edifice slip events recorded on the fault plane of the San Andrés Landslide, El Hierro, Canary Islands

Autor: Matt Rowberry, Jan Balek, Miloš René, Pierre-Henri Blard, Filip Hartvich, Stavros Meletlidis, Jan Blahůt, Ivo Baroň, Ivanka Mitrovic-Woodell
Přispěvatelé: Institute of Rock Structure and Mechanics of the Czech Academy of Sciences (IRSM / CAS), Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), University of Vienna [Vienna], Centre de Recherches Pétrographiques et Géochimiques (CRPG), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centro Geofísico de Canarias, Instituto Geografico Nacional
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences
frictionite
[SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences
Slip (materials science)
Cataclastic rock
Miloš René
010502 geochemistry & geophysics
01 natural sciences
Fault breccia
Matt Rowberry
14. Life underwater
Clockwise
Filip Hartvich
[SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces
environment
ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Earth-Surface Processes
cosmogenic radionuclide dating
Pierre-Henri Blard
[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean
Atmosphere
[SDU.STU.TE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Tectonics
geography
Ivanka Mitrovic-Woodell
geography.geographical_feature_category
Jan Balek
Ivo Baroň
Stavros Meletlidis
Landslide
Debris
volcanic collapse
silica layer
Basanite
Geophysics
Volcano
cataclasis metamorphism
Geology
Seismology
Canary Islands Jan Blahut
Zdroj: Tectonophysics
Tectonophysics, Elsevier, 2020, 776, pp.228317. ⟨10.1016/j.tecto.2019.228317⟩
ISSN: 0040-1951
1879-3266
DOI: 10.1016/j.tecto.2019.228317⟩
Popis: Volcanic flank collapses often result in giant debris avalanches that are capable of travelling tens of kilometres across the ocean floor and generating tsunamis that devastate distant communities. The San Andres Landslide on El Hierro, Canary Islands, represents one of the few places in the world where it is possible to investigate the landslide mass and fault planes of a volcanic collapse structure. In this study, a new conceptual model for the development of this enormous slump is presented on the basis of structural geological and geomorphological measurements, petrological and microstructural analyses, and cosmogenic radionuclide dating. Structural geological and geomorphological measurements indicate that the fault plane records two distinct events. Petrological and microstructural analyses demonstrate that a thin layer of frictionite covers the surface of the fault in contact with an oxidised tectonic breccia that transitions into the underlying undeformed basanite host rock. This frictionite comprises a heterogeneous cataclastic layer and a translucent silica layer that are interpreted to represent two separate slip events on the basis of their architecture and crosscutting relationships. Cosmogenic 3He dating reveals a maximum exposure age of 183 ± 17 ka to 52 ± 17 ka. Arguments are presented in support of the idea that the first slip event took place between 545 ka and 430 ka, prior to significant clockwise rotation of El Hierro, and the second slip event took place between 183 ka and 52 ka, perhaps in association with one of the giant debris avalanches that occurred around that time. This is the first time that more than one slip event has been recognised from the fault plane of the San Andres Landslide. It is also believed to be the first time a silica layer resulting from frictional melt has been described in a volcanic setting.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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