Effect-directed analysis of a hospital effluent sample using A-YES for the identification of endocrine disrupting compounds

Autor: Naroa Lopez-Herguedas, Belén González-Gaya, Alicia Cano, Iker Alvarez-Mora, Leire Mijangos, Nestor Etxebarria, Olatz Zuloaga, Maitane Olivares, Ailette Prieto
Rok vydání: 2022
Předmět:
Zdroj: Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigación
Universidad de Cantabria (UC)
ISSN: 0048-9697
2017-8476
Popis: An effect-directed analysis (EDA) approach was used to identify the compounds responsible for endocrine disruption in a hospital effluent (Basque Country). In order to facilitate the identification of the potentially toxic substances, a sample was collected using an automated onsite large volume solid phase extraction (LV-SPE) system. Then, it was fractionated with a two-step orthogonal chromatographic separation and tested for estrogenic effects with a recombinant yeast (A-YES) in-vitro bioassay. The fractionation method was optimized and validated for 184 compounds, and its application to the hospital effluent sample allowed reducing the number of unknowns from 292 in the raw sample to 35 after suspect analysis of the bioactive fractions. Among those, 7 of them were confirmed with chemical standards. In addition, target analysis of the raw sample confirmed the presence of mestranol, estrone and dodemorph in the fractions showing estrogenic activity. Predictive estrogenic activity modelling using quantitative structure-activity relationships indicated that the hormones mestranol (5840 ng/L) and estrone (128 ng/L), the plasticiser bisphenol A (9219 ng/L) and the preservative butylparaben (1224 ng/L) were the main contributors of the potential toxicity. Derived bioanalytical equivalents (BEQs) pointed mestranol and estrone as the main contributors (56 % and 43 %, respectively) of the 50 % of the sample's explained total estrogenic activity. Authors acknowledge financial support from the Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI) of Spain and the European Regional Development Fund through CTM2017-84763-C3-1-R and CTM2020-117686RB-C31 projects and the Basque Government through the financial support as a consolidated group of the Basque Research System (IT1213-19). The authors are grateful to the Consorcio de Aguas de Bilbao and especially to Iñigo González. Naroa Lopez is grateful to the Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitivity for her predoctoral scholarship FPI 2018. Belen González-Gaya and Leire Mijangos acknowledge the University of the Basque Country for their postdoctoral scholarships (FPI 2018). Iker Alvarez-Mora is grateful to the University of the Basque Country and the Université de Pau et des Pays de L' Adour for his cotutelle predoctoral scholarship. Finally, the authors acknowledge support from the AEI and the Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (MICIU) to support the Thematic Network of Excellence (NET4SEA) on emerging contaminants in marine settings (CTM2017-90890-REDT, MICIU/AEI/FEDER, EU).
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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