Discordance in National Estimates of Hypertension Among Young Adults
| Autor: | Kathleen Mullan Harris, Eric A. Whitsel, Quynh C. Nguyen, Yan Lau, Joyce W. Tabor, Jon M. Hussey, Pamela Entzel, Carolyn Tucker Halpern, Chirayath M. Suchindran |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2011 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Gerontology Longitudinal study medicine.medical_specialty Adolescent National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Epidemiology Population Overweight Young Adult Bias Environmental health medicine Humans cardiovascular diseases education education.field_of_study business.industry Public health Reproducibility of Results Blood Pressure Determination Nutrition Surveys Health Surveys United States Mean blood pressure Blood pressure Hypertension Female medicine.symptom business Adolescent health |
| Zdroj: | Epidemiology. 22:532-541 |
| ISSN: | 1044-3983 |
| DOI: | 10.1097/ede.0b013e31821c79d2 |
| Popis: | In the United States, coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of mortality—accounting for more than half a million deaths annually.1 Blood pressure (BP) measurement is integral to CHD risk assessment and diagnosis of hypertension, a behaviorally and pharmacologically modifiable CHD risk factor. It has been estimated that each 1 mm Hg increase in mean population systolic BP is associated with approximately 10,000 additional CHD deaths.2 National estimates of hypertension prevalence in the United States rely almost exclusively on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).3,4 However, NHANES is not without limitations. For example, group-specific estimates are unavailable for racial/ethnic minorities other than Hispanics and non-Hispanic Blacks. NHANES’ cross-sectional design also prohibits the study of precursors and individual trajectories in the development of hypertension. Furthermore, its assessment of hypertension rates among young adults is hindered by small sample sizes. Several factors fuel interest in the measurement of physical health during young adulthood 5—one usually characterized by the absence of adverse health conditions.6 A particularly important example is the sharp escalation among youth of overweight and obesity, both of which are well-known risk factors for hypertension.7 The prevalence of overweight children has tripled in the last two decades alone.8 In 2008, the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health, Wave IV) expanded collection of biologic data, including in-home measurement of blood pressure among 15,701 young adults aged 24–32 years throughout all 50 states. We compared mean blood pressure and hypertension prevalence in this population with that of similarly aged participants in NHANES 2007–2008,9 and examined putative explanations for the observed discordance between surveys. The measurement of blood pressure in nationally representative field studies such as Add Health is distinct from (and arguably more complicated than) that in exam center-based studies, requiring measurement in more variable home environments, many more field staff, and large numbers of portable, affordable blood pressure monitors. Although the quality of blood pressure data collected in exam centers by trained technicians using clinical equipment has been described,10,11 studies capable of supporting population-wide inferences that have examined the quality of in-home blood pressure data are scarce. We therefore examined the accuracy and reliability of blood pressure in Add Health, Wave IV, as well. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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