Pathways to Social Inequality
| Autor: | Ty Tuff, Russell D. Gray, Geoff Kushnick, Bobbi S. Low, Hannah J. Haynie, Patrick H. Kavanagh, Kathryn R. Kirby, Simon J. Greenhill, Bruno Vilela, Michael C. Gavin, Carol R. Ember, Carlos A. Botero, Fiona M. Jordan |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
Cultural Studies Resource (biology) Real property Inequality media_common.quotation_subject bepress|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Anthropology|Other Anthropology Social class 010603 evolutionary biology 01 natural sciences Structural equation modeling SocArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Anthropology|Other Anthropology Economics SocArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Other Social and Behavioral Sciences 0601 history and archaeology Social inequality Economic geography Applied Psychology Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics media_common bepress|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Anthropology bepress|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Other Social and Behavioral Sciences 060102 archaeology Population size SocArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Anthropology 06 humanities and the arts Anthropology bepress|Social and Behavioral Sciences SocArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences Inheritance |
| Zdroj: | Evolutionary Human Sciences SocArXiv Papers |
| Popis: | Social inequality is ubiquitous in contemporary human societies, and has deleterious social and ecological impacts. However, the factors that shape the emergence and maintenance of inequality remain widely debated. Here we conduct a global analysis of pathways to inequality by comparing 408 non-industrial societies in the anthropological record (described largely between 1860 and 1960) that vary in degree of inequality. We apply structural equation modelling to open-access environmental and ethnographic data and explore two alternative models varying in the links among factors proposed by prior literature, including environmental conditions, resource intensification, wealth transmission, population size and a well-documented form of inequality: social class hierarchies. We found support for a model in which the probability of social class hierarchies is associated directly with increases in population size, the propensity to use intensive agriculture and domesticated large mammals, unigeniture inheritance of real property and hereditary political succession. We suggest that influence of environmental variables on inequality is mediated by measures of resource intensification, which, in turn, may influence inequality directly or indirectly via effects on wealth transmission variables. Overall, we conclude that in our analysis a complex network of effects are associated with social class hierarchies. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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