Central and peripheral pain sensitization during an ultra-marathon competition
| Autor: | Amina Rahmoune, James W. Agnew, Steven B. Hammer, Alexandre L. Roy |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Pain Threshold Central sensitization Population Pain Dolorimeter Running Young Adult 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine medicine Humans education Exercise Sensitization Inflammation Peripheral pain Central Nervous System Sensitization education.field_of_study business.industry 030229 sport sciences Peripheral Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine medicine.anatomical_structure Conditioned pain modulation Athletes Anesthesia Florida Physical Endurance Nociceptor Female Neurology (clinical) business 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
| Zdroj: | Scandinavian Journal of Pain. 18:703-709 |
| ISSN: | 1877-8879 1877-8860 |
| Popis: | Background and aimsThe participation in ultra-marathons and other ultra-endurance events has increased exponentially over the past decade. There is insufficient data on variation in pain mechanisms in exercise overall but especially in the ultra-endurance athlete population. To further understand peripheral and central pain sensitization we have investigated pressure pain threshold and conditioned pain modulation during three separate ultra-marathon competitions.MethodsEach ultra-marathon investigated was held in the state of Florida, USA, over flat, sandy and paved surfaces under generally warm to hot, humid conditions. Pressure pain threshold was measured utilizing a Baseline © Dolorimeter. The blunt end of the dolorimeter stylus was placed onto the distal dominant arm, equidistant between the distal radius and ulna, three times in a blinded manner to insure that the testing technician did not influence the subject’s responses. Conditioned pain modulation was measured immediately after the PPT measures by placing the non-dominant hand in a cool water bath maintained at 15°C. The same dolorimeter measurement was repeated two more times on the dominant arm while the non-dominant hand remained in the water. Data was analyzed with a pairedt-test.ResultsPressure pain threshold was significantly decreased (ppConclusionsTogether these data suggest an increased peripheral and/or central pain sensitization starting at 25 miles and continuing throughout an ultra-marathon competition run in these conditions. This is the first study that provides evidence of a decreased peripheral pain threshold and decreased central pain inhibition from ultra-marathon running. Decreases in both the peripheral pain threshold and central inhibition may result from nociceptor plasticity, central sensitization or a combination of both.ImplicationsBased on previous research that has indicated a central sensitization resulting from inflammation and the well-documented inflammatory response to the rigors of ultra-marathon competition, we suggest the decreased peripheral pain threshold and decreased descending pain inhibition results from this inflammatory response of running an ultra-marathon. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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