New directions in craniofacial morphogenesis
| Autor: | Lucy E. Smithers, Heather L. Szabo-Rogers, Wardati Yakob, Karen J. Liu |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Předmět: |
Frontonasal
Proliferation Morphogenesis Germ layer Facial Bones Shh 03 medical and health sciences Craniofacial Neural crest 0302 clinical medicine biology.animal medicine Animals Humans Cilia Cranial base Molecular Biology Zebrafish 030304 developmental biology Genetics 0303 health sciences biology Skull Endoderm Vertebrate Cell Biology biology.organism_classification Phenotype medicine.anatomical_structure Evolutionary biology 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Developmental Biology |
| Zdroj: | Developmental Biology. (1):84-94 |
| ISSN: | 0012-1606 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.ydbio.2009.11.021 |
| Popis: | The vertebrate head is an extremely complicated structure: development of the head requires tissue–tissue interactions between derivates of all the germ layers and coordinated morphogenetic movements in three dimensions. In this review, we highlight a number of recent embryological studies, using chicken, frog, zebrafish and mouse, which have identified crucial signaling centers in the embryonic face. These studies demonstrate how small variations in growth factor signaling can lead to a diversity of phenotypic outcomes. We also discuss novel genetic studies, in human, mouse and zebrafish, which describe cell biological mechanisms fundamental to the growth and morphogenesis of the craniofacial skeleton. Together, these findings underscore the complex interactions leading to species-specific morphology. These and future studies will improve our understanding of the genetic and environmental influences underlying human craniofacial anomalies. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|