LEVANTAMENTO ETNOBOTÂNICO DE PLANTAS MEDICINAIS UTILIZADAS PELA COMUNIDADE DE NACUALE, NO PARQUE NACIONAL DAS QUIRIMBAS, MOÇAMBIQUE

Autor: Muchaia, Alexandre Jacinto, Nanvonamuquitxo, Salvador José António
Rok vydání: 2021
Předmět:
Zdroj: Nativa; v. 9 n. 5 (2021); 605-611
Nativa; Vol. 9 No. 5 (2021); 605-611
Nativa (Sinop)
Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT)
instacron:UFMT
ISSN: 2318-7670
DOI: 10.31413/nativa.v9i5.12260
Popis: The scarcity of information on plant studies commonly used in all Mozambican communities is a fact that makes it difficult to promote Ethnobotany in Mozambique. The few of these studies carried out show more the southern and central regions of the country, in relation to the northern region. The objective of this study was to carry out an Ethnobotanical survey of plants with medicinal power used by the community of Nacuale in the District of Ancuabe. A semi-structured survey was used for this purpose, which included socio-economic characterization of the target community, registration of the most frequent diseases and the main plants used in local medicine. In turn, the plants registered as medicinal, their specimens were collected and identified. The selection of plants most used in medicine was based on CUPc. The Microsoft Excel 2010 tool was used for data analysis and to determine the Shannon-Wiener and Pielou indices. The results show that in these communities the male sex has more knowledge in relation to the female sex and these have few sources of income, the majority of whom are young married people. The most frequent diseases are malaria, headache, stomach ache and rheumatism, treated with the main plants Mangifera indica Well, Afizelia quanzonsis Welw, Moringa oleifera Lam, Carica papaya L, Flacourtia indica (Burm.f.) Merr, Anacardium occidentale L according to CUPc. This survey resulted in 24 families and 21 genera and 52 species, the Fabaceae family being abundant, however the diversity indexes in these communities differ from Miegane to Muela where: Muela had 2.43, Ungura had 3.24 and Miegane had 3.44 of equitability showed uniform distribution in these communities. A presente pesquisa teve como objectivo fazer o levantamento Etnobotânico de plantas com poder medicinal utilizadas pela comunidade de Nacuale no Distrito de Ancuabe, Cabo Delgado, Moçambique. Foram realizadas entrevistas com 88 chefes de agregados familiares com propósito de compreender além do perfil socio -económico, as principais plantas usadas para o tratamento de doenças mais frequentes da comunidade desta localidade. As plantas citadas como medicinal foram identificadas e organizadas em função dos valores de concordância de uso principal-CUPc. Por sua vez, foi determinada a diversidade de plantas medicinais usadas na região, bem como as doenças para a qual cada uma das plantas é usada. Cerca de 45% da população que vive na localidade de Nacuale é pobre (rendimento familiar inferior a 15 $/mês). As principais actividades de renda são a agricultura familiar (68%), caça (20%) e pequenos negócios (12%). O difícil acesso aos serviços de saúde convencional faz com que a maioria das populações optem pela medicina tradicional para tratamento de doenças. A Mangifera indica Wall (46,0%), Afizelia quanzensis Welw (37,5%), Moringa oleífera Lam (29,2%) e Carica papaya L (20,8%) foram as espécies mais citadas dentre as utilizadas para o tratamento de doenças. As populações demonstraram ainda ter conhecimento de diversas espécies de plantas medicinais da região (H’=3,04 e J’=0,93), enquanto que as doenças comumente tratadas com recurso destas plantas são a malária (20%), dores de estomago (18 %), dores de cabeça (16%) e reumatismo (13%). Na localidade de Nacuale, o uso da medicina tradicional é ainda uma opção viável pela dificuldade de acesso aos serviços de saúde convencional, agravado pelo baixo nível de escolaridade, pobreza e aspectos socioculturais. As plantas são usadas para tratamento de doenças mais frequentes nessa região. Palavra chaves: etnobotânica; plantas medicinais; Cabo Delgado - Moçambique. Ethnobotanical assessment of medicinal plants used by the community of Nacuale, in the Quirimbas National Park, Mozambique Abstract: The objective of the present research was to conduct an ethnobotanical survey of plants with medicinal uses in the village of Nacuale in Ancuabe District, Cabo Delgado, Mozambique. 88 households were interviewed with the purpose of understanding, in addition to the socio-economic profile, the most common plants used for the treatment of the community's most frequent diseases in this village. The plants cited as medicinal were identified and organized according to the values of concordance of principal use-CUPc. In addition, the diversity of medicinal plants used in the region was determined, as well as the diseases for which each of the plants is used. About 45% of the population living in Nacuale is low-income (household income less than 15 $/month). The main income generating activities are subsistence farming (68%), hunting (20%) and small businesses (12%). The difficult access to conventional health services makes most of the population opt for traditional medicine for the treatment of diseases. Mangifera indica Wall (46.0%), Afizelia quanzensis Welw (37.5%), Moringa oleifera Lam (29.2%), Carica papaya L (20.8%) were cited as the species most used for the treatment of these diseases. The populations also demonstrated knowledge of several species of medicinal plants of the region (H'=3.04 and J'=0.93), and the diseases commonly treated with these plants are malaria (20%), stomach aches (18%), headaches (16%) and rheumatism (13%). Thus, in the village of Nacuale the use of traditional medicine is still a viable option due to the difficulty of access to conventional health services, recorded by the low level of education, poverty, and socio-cultural aspects. The plants are used to treat the most frequent diseases in the region. Keywords: ethnobotany; medicinal plants; Cabo Delgado - Mozambique.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
Externí odkaz: