Antibiotic prophylaxis for endocarditis, prosthetic joints, and surgery
| Autor: | Robin A. Seymour, John M Whitworth |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2002 |
| Předmět: |
medicine.medical_specialty
medicine.drug_class Joint Prosthesis Antibiotics Oral Surgical Procedures Bacteremia Risk Factors Cardiac valve Drug Resistance Bacterial medicine Endocarditis Humans Surgical Wound Infection Antibiotic prophylaxis Intensive care medicine Dental Care General Dentistry Immunosuppression Therapy business.industry Orthognathic Surgical Procedures Contraindications Dental procedures Tooth Impacted Liability Legal Endocarditis Bacterial Prostheses and Implants Surgical procedures Antibiotic Prophylaxis medicine.disease Surgery Infective endocarditis Practice Guidelines as Topic Molar Third business |
| Zdroj: | Dental clinics of North America. 46(4) |
| ISSN: | 0011-8532 |
| Popis: | Antibiotics are prescribed in dentistry for two main reasons: to treat infections and to prevent infections. It is the latter that can be regarded as prophylactic use of these drugs. For the perspective of this article, we consider the main indications (or controversies) relating to prophylactic use of antibiotics in dentistry, notably the prevention of infective endocarditis, infections in patients with hip and joint prostheses, and the prevention of infection following various dental surgical procedures. Antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent infective endocarditis Infective endocarditis (IE) is a microbial infection involving the cardiac valves. The condition is uncommon, with a prevalence of 15–30 cases per 1 million per year [1]. The prevalence of IE has remained consistent even after the introduction of antibiotic prophylaxis in the 1940s [2]. Dental procedures, especially those that result in a bacteremia, are frequently blamed for IE and hence result in the need for antibiotic prophylaxis to cover such procedures in at-risk patients. This has been the clinical doctrine and teaching for the past 60 years. Evidence from the United States [3] and studies from the Netherlands [1,4] have presented further data that challenge the practice of antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent IE. Thus there exist several controversial areas surrounding the association between dentistry and IE. These can be broadly classified as follows: 1. Is infective endocarditis caused by a dental procedure-induced bacteremia or from spontaneous bacteremia? |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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