Parallel paleogenomic transects reveal complex genetic history of early European farmers
| Autor: | José Antonio Mujika-Alustiza, Eadaoin Harney, Carmen Alonso Fernández, Annamária Pósa, László Márk, Tibor Paluch, Béla Melegh, Swapan Mallick, Victoria Keerl, Ferenc Horváth, Matthew Ferry, Zoltán Toldi, Anna Szécsényi-Nagy, Zsolt Bánfai, László Domboróczki, Susanne Nordenfelt, Nasreen Broomandkhoshbacht, Alan Cooper, Alexandra Anders, János Dani, Ruth Bollongino, Jörg Orschiedt, Judit Koós, Megan Michel, János Jakucs, Judit P. Barna, Kristin Stewardson, Javier Fernández-Eraso, Katalin Sebők, Carles Lalueza-Fox, Wolfgang Haak, Emese Gyöngyvér Nagy, Szilvia Fábián, Eszter Bánffy, Harald Meller, Kurt W. Alt, Gábor Serlegi, Erika Molnár, Nadin Rohland, Bastien Llamas, György Pálfi, Javier Jiménez Echevarría, Mária Bondár, Balázs Gusztáv Mende, Piroska Csengeri, Kerstin Schierhold, Judit Regenye, Joachim Burger, Pál Raczky, Balázs Stégmár, Krisztián Oross, Mark Lipson, Tibor Marton, Kitti Köhler, Anett Osztás, David Reich, Jonas Oppenheimer |
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| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Gene Flow Male 0106 biological sciences Human Migration Population Dynamics Population Datasets as Topic 010603 evolutionary biology 01 natural sciences Article Gene flow Prehistory 03 medical and health sciences Spatio-Temporal Analysis Germany Genetic variation Humans DNA Ancient education Transect History Ancient 030304 developmental biology Hungary 0303 health sciences education.field_of_study Genetic diversity Multidisciplinary Farmers Human migration business.industry Ecology Genetic Variation Chalcolithic 030104 developmental biology Ancient DNA Geography Spain Period (geology) Ethnology Female business |
| Zdroj: | Nature |
| Popis: | In European Neolithic populations, the arrival of farmers prompted admixture with local hunter-gatherers over many centuries, resulting in distinct signatures in each region due to a complex series of interactions. David Reich and colleagues analyse genome-wide data from 180 individuals from the Neolithic and Chalcolithic periods of Hungary, Germany and Spain to study the population dynamics of Neolithization in European prehistory. They examine how gene flow reshaped European populations during the Neolithic period, including pervasive admixture—the interbreeding between previously isolated populations—between groups with different ancestry profiles. In each region, they find that the arrival of farmers prompted admixture with local hunter-gatherers, over the course of 3,000 years. Ancient DNA studies have established that Neolithic European populations were descended from Anatolian migrants1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 who received a limited amount of admixture from resident hunter-gatherers3,4,5,9. Many open questions remain, however, about the spatial and temporal dynamics of population interactions and admixture during the Neolithic period. Here we investigate the population dynamics of Neolithization across Europe using a high-resolution genome-wide ancient DNA dataset with a total of 180 samples, of which 130 are newly reported here, from the Neolithic and Chalcolithic periods of Hungary (6000–2900 bc, n = 100), Germany (5500–3000 bc, n = 42) and Spain (5500–2200 bc, n = 38). We find that genetic diversity was shaped predominantly by local processes, with varied sources and proportions of hunter-gatherer ancestry among the three regions and through time. Admixture between groups with different ancestry profiles was pervasive and resulted in observable population transformation across almost all cultural transitions. Our results shed new light on the ways in which gene flow reshaped European populations throughout the Neolithic period and demonstrate the potential of time-series-based sampling and modelling approaches to elucidate multiple dimensions of historical population interactions. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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