The epidemiological transition in Papua New Guinea: new evidence from verbal autopsy studies
| Autor: | Deborah Lehmann, Andrea Stewart, Abraham D. Flaxman, Peter Siba, Regina Wangnapi, Suparat Phuanukoonnon, Jonathan C. Joseph, Helen Paito Kave, Harry Poka, Patricia Rarau, Riley H. Hazard, Bang Nguyen Pham, Peter T. Serina, Hebe N. Gouda, Albert Sie, Alan D. Lopez, Ian Riley, Miriam Vano, Seri Maraga, S Lupiwa |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Adolescent Endemic Diseases Epidemiology Population 030209 endocrinology & metabolism Autopsy Disease Infections Communicable Diseases Emerging 03 medical and health sciences Papua New Guinea Young Adult 0302 clinical medicine Environmental health Cause of Death Diabetes Mellitus Medicine Humans 030212 general & internal medicine Young adult education Child Noncommunicable Diseases Cause of death Aged education.field_of_study business.industry New guinea General Medicine Middle Aged Verbal autopsy Epidemiological transition Cardiovascular Diseases Wounds and Injuries Female business |
| Zdroj: | International journal of epidemiology. 48(3) |
| ISSN: | 1464-3685 |
| Popis: | Background Recent economic growth in Papua New Guinea (PNG) would suggest that the country may be experiencing an epidemiological transition, characterized by a reduction in infectious diseases and a growing burden from non-communicable diseases (NCDs). However, data on cause-specific mortality in PNG are very sparse, and the extent of the transition within the country is poorly understood. Methods Mortality surveillance was established in four small populations across PNG: West Hiri in Central Province, Asaro Valley in Eastern Highlands Province, Hides in Hela Province and Karkar Island in Madang Province. Verbal autopsies (VAs) were conducted on all deaths identified, and causes of death were assigned by SmartVA and classified into five broad disease categories: endemic NCDs; emerging NCDs; endemic infections; emerging infections; and injuries. Results from previous PNG VA studies, using different VA methods and spanning the years 1970 to 2001, are also presented here. Results A total of 868 deaths among adolescents and adults were identified and assigned a cause of death. NCDs made up the majority of all deaths (40.4%), with the endemic NCD of chronic respiratory disease responsible for the largest proportion of deaths (10.5%), followed by the emerging NCD of diabetes (6.2%). Emerging infectious diseases outnumbered endemic infectious diseases (11.9% versus 9.5%). The distribution of causes of death differed across the four sites, with emerging NCDs and emerging infections highest at the site that is most socioeconomically developed, West Hiri. Comparing the 1970–2001 VA series with the present study suggests a large decrease in endemic infections. Conclusions Our results indicate immediate priorities for health service planning and for strengthening of vital registration systems, to more usefully serve the needs of health priority setting. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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