Effects of pentobarbital, isoflurane, or medetomidine-midazolam-butorphanol anesthesia on bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and blood chemistry in rats
| Autor: | Naoki Hashizume, Yutaka Oshima, Toshio Kobayashi, Makoto Nakai, Shozo Ajimi, Yasuhiro Tsubokura, Nobuya Imatanaka |
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| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Male Pentobarbital medicine.medical_treatment Midazolam Intraperitoneal injection Toxicology Risk Assessment 03 medical and health sciences Nickel Administration Inhalation Medicine Animals Hypnotics and Sedatives Anesthesia Lung medicine.diagnostic_test Isoflurane business.industry 030111 toxicology Pneumonia respiratory system Medetomidine Rats Inbred F344 respiratory tract diseases Analgesics Opioid Disease Models Animal Bronchoalveolar lavage Blood chemistry Butorphanol Anesthetics Inhalation Absolute neutrophil count business Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Biomarkers Injections Intraperitoneal medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | The Journal of toxicological sciences. 41(5) |
| ISSN: | 1880-3989 |
| Popis: | Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) is commonly examined for pulmonary toxicity in animal studies. Two common means of anesthesia before euthanasia and bronchoalveolar lavage in rats are intraperitoneal injection of pentobarbital and inhalation of isoflurane. Medetomidine-midazolam-butorphanol is an alternative anesthesia to pentobarbital for animal welfare; however, the effect of this combination on BALF and blood chemistry is unknown. Here, we compared the effects of anesthesia by intraperitoneal injection of pentobarbital or one of two combinations of medetomidine-midazolam-butorphanol (dose, 0.375-2.0-2.5 or 0.15-2.0-2.5 mg/kg) or by inhalation of isoflurane on BALF and blood chemistry in rats with or without pulmonary inflammation. In BALF, we determined total protein, albumin, lactate dehydrogenase, total cell count and neutrophil count. In serum, we conducted a general chemistry screen. After anesthesia with pentobarbital or isoflurane, there were no significant differences between any of the BALF or blood chemistry parameters with or without inflammation. After anesthesia with either of the combinations of medetomidine-midazolam-butorphanol, lactate dehydrogenase, total cell count, neutrophil count, and almost all of the blood chemistry parameters were comparable with those observed after pentobarbital or isoflurane; however, BALF albumin and serum glucose were significantly increased in rats without inflammation. After the combination of low-dose medetomidine in rats with inflammation, BALF parameters were comparable with those observed after pentobarbital or isoflurane. Our results show that, of the anesthetics examined, inhalation of isoflurane is the most appropriate means of anesthesia when examining BALF or serum for toxicity studies in rats. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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