Human Enteric Pathogens in Eight Rivers Used as Rural Household Drinking Water Sources in the Northern Region of South Africa
| Autor: | Lutendo Sylvia Mudau, Afsatou Ndama Traore, Tobias G. Barnard, Natasha Potgieter, Simbarashe Karambwe |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Rural Population
Salmonella Veterinary medicine Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis vhembe district Cryptosporidiosis Cryptosporidium Indicator bacteria lcsh:Medicine rural communities enteric pathogens 010501 environmental sciences medicine.disease_cause 01 natural sciences water quality Article South Africa 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Rivers Escherichia coli medicine Animals Humans Shigella 030212 general & internal medicine 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Indicator organism Bacteria biology Drinking Water Giardia lcsh:R Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health biology.organism_classification Vibrio diarrhoea river water Water quality Water Microbiology |
| Zdroj: | International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 17, Iss 6, p 2079 (2020) International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Volume 17 Issue 6 |
| ISSN: | 1660-4601 |
| Popis: | People living in rural areas still rely on the use of environmental water that is contaminated by human and animal activities. This study assessed the occurrence of human enteric pathogens in rivers that are used by rural communities Vhembe District of South Africa as a source of drinking water covering two seasons (winter and summer) over a one-year period. Water quality was assessed using physico characteristics and indicator organisms (total coliforms, E. coli, Clostridium perfringens). Pathogens tested included bacteria (Pathogenic E. coli, Salmonella-, Shigella- and Vibrio spp.), protozoa (Cryptosporidium- and Giardia spp.), and enteric viruses (Rota-, Noro-, Entero-, and Adenoviruses) while using published molecular protocols. The results showed that the indicator bacteria counts exceeded South African drinking water quality guideline limits and pathogenic E. coli was detected in the samples. No Shigella spp. were isolated, while Vibrio spp. and Salmonella spp. were present parasites were detected in four rivers and Enteric viruses were predominantly detected in the winter season. The results indicated the poor condition of water and the potential health risks to consumers highlighting the need for implementing river catchment management strategies for continued sustainability in these rivers. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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