Development and Characterization of Thermal Flow Sensors for Non-Invasive Measurements in HVAC Systems
| Autor: | Roman Beigelbeck, Samir Cerimovic, Albert Treytl, Thomas Glatzl, Franz Keplinger, Thilo Sauter |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Materials science
non-invasive flow rate measurement 020209 energy Acoustics thermal flow sensor 02 engineering and technology lcsh:Chemical technology Biochemistry Article Analytical Chemistry HVAC Thermal 0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering Fluid dynamics lcsh:TP1-1185 Electrical and Electronic Engineering Instrumentation business.industry Noise spectral density Response time 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology Atomic and Molecular Physics and Optics Volumetric flow rate Air conditioning Ultrasonic sensor 0210 nano-technology business HVAC systems |
| Zdroj: | Sensors Volume 19 Issue 6 Sensors, Vol 19, Iss 6, p 1397 (2019) Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) |
| ISSN: | 1424-8220 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/s19061397 |
| Popis: | We investigated non-invasive flow rate measurements in heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems utilizing thermal transduction instead of commonly used ultrasonic techniques. The proposed thermal flow transduction comprises two temperature sensors and a heater, all mounted non-invasively on the outer surface of metal-pipes and, therefore, not disturbing the fluid flow inside. One temperature sensor measures the heater temperature, whereas the other one, mounted upstream of the heater, follows the fluid temperature for reference. The temperature difference (i.e., the heater excess temperature) depends on the fluid flow velocity and can be used to derive the mean volume flow inside the pipe. Experimental characterizations were conducted using two sensor prototypes. Beside output characteristics, other main issues such as dynamic behavior and noise density were investigated in detail. Special attention was paid to error compensation allowing measurements within a large range of fluid temperatures. Measurement results confirm the feasibility of this approach, however with some constraints regarding response time. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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