Gut mycobiome and its interaction with diet, gut bacteria and alzheimer's disease markers in subjects with mild cognitive impairment: A pilot study

Autor: Sidharth P. Mishra, Shaohua Wang, Ravinder Nagpal, Suzanne Craft, Bryan J. Neth, Hariom Yadav
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
Male
0301 basic medicine
Research paper
Mediterranean diet
medicine.medical_treatment
Apolipoprotein E4
lcsh:Medicine
Pilot Projects
Disease
PCoA:
principal coordinate analysis
Feces
0302 clinical medicine
LDA:
linear discrimination analysis
Mycobiota
LPS:
lipopolysaccharide
tau
CN:
cognitively normal
amyloid peptides
AD:
Alzheimer disease
lcsh:R5-920
LP:
lumbar puncture
education.field_of_study
biology
General Medicine
Ketogenic diet
LEfSe:
linear discrimination analysis effect size
Alzheimer's
ITS:
internal transcribed spacer
030220 oncology & carcinogenesis
Female
KD:
ketogenic diet
Alzheimer's disease
lcsh:Medicine (General)
Diet
Ketogenic
CSF:
cerebrospinal fluid
Genotype
Population
Aß:
amyloid beta
General Biochemistry
Genetics and Molecular Biology
SCFAs:
short-chain fatty acids
Short-chain fatty acids
03 medical and health sciences
Alzheimer Disease
MCI:
mildly cognitive impairment
medicine
Humans
Dementia
Cognitive Dysfunction
Microbiome
education
AHAD:
American Heart Association Diet
Nutrition
Bacteria
MMKD:
modified Mediterranean-ketogenic diet
lcsh:R
Fungi
ApoE ε−4:
apolipoprotein-E ε−4 allele
Computational Biology
biology.organism_classification
medicine.disease
Diet
Gastrointestinal Microbiome
OTUs:
operational taxonomic units
030104 developmental biology
Immunology
Metagenome
Metagenomics
Biomarkers
Zdroj: EBioMedicine
EBioMedicine, Vol 59, Iss, Pp 102950-(2020)
ISSN: 2352-3964
Popis: Background Recently, we reported that patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) harbor specific signature of bacteria in their gut and that a modified Mediterranean ketogenic diet (MMKD) improves Alzheimer's disease (AD) markers in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and the signatures of gut bacteria. However, other microbial population such as gut fungi (mycobiome) in relation to MCI/AD pathology, gut bacteria and diet remain unknown. Methods We measure gut mycobiome by sequencing of the fungal rRNA ITS1 gene in 17 older adults (11 MCI; 6 cognitively normal [CN]) in a single-center, randomized, double-blind, crossover pilot study, before and after 6 weeks intervention of MMKD and American Heart Association Diet (AHAD), and determine its correlation with AD markers in CSF and gut bacteria. Findings Compared to CN counterparts, patients with MCI have higher proportion of families Sclerotiniaceae, Phaffomyceteceae, Trichocomaceae, Cystofilobasidiaceae, Togniniaceae and genera Botrytis, Kazachstania, Phaeoacremonium and Cladosporium and lower abundance of Meyerozyma. Specific fungal taxa exhibit distinct correlation arrays with AD markers and gut bacteria in subjects with versus without MCI. MMKD induces broader effect on fungal diversity in subjects with MCI and increases Agaricus and Mrakia while decreasing Saccharomyces and Claviceps with differential response in subjects with or without MCI. Interpretation The study reveals MCI-specific mycobiome signatures and demonstrates that distinct diets modulate the mycobiome in association with AD markers and fungal-bacterial co-regulation networks in patients with MCI. The findings corroborate the notion of considering gut mycobiome as a unique factor that can affect cognitive health/AD by interacting with gut bacteria and diet and facilitate better understanding of the AD and related microbiome, using unique diet or microbiome modulators.
Graphical abstract Image, graphical abstract
Databáze: OpenAIRE
Externí odkaz: