Generation of Monolayer Gradients in Surface Energy and Surface Chemistry for Block Copolymer Thin Film Studies
| Autor: | Christopher M. Stafford, Michael J. Baney, Thomas H. Epps, Julie N. L. Albert, Jennifer Y. Kelly |
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| Rok vydání: | 2009 |
| Předmět: |
Materials science
Macromolecular Substances Surface Properties Molecular Conformation General Engineering Analytical chemistry General Physics and Astronomy Membranes Artificial Substrate (electronics) Chemical vapor deposition Silanes Surface energy Nanostructures Contact angle Surface tension X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy Materials Testing Monolayer Nanotechnology Surface Tension General Materials Science Particle Size Thin film Crystallization |
| Zdroj: | ACS Nano. 3:3977-3986 |
| ISSN: | 1936-086X 1936-0851 |
| DOI: | 10.1021/nn900750w |
| Popis: | We utilize a vapor deposition setup and cross-diffusion of functionalized chlorosilanes under dynamic vacuum to generate a nearly linear gradient in surface energy and composition on a silicon substrate. The gradient can be tuned by manipulating chlorosilane reservoir sizes and positions, and the gradient profile is independent of time as long as maximum coverage of the substrate is achieved. Our method is readily amenable to the creation of gradients on other substrate surfaces, due to the use of vapor deposition, and with other functionalities, due to our use of functionalized chlorosilanes. Our gradients were characterized using contact angle measurements and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. From these measurements, we were able to correlate composition, contact angle, and surface energy. We generated a nearly linear gradient with a range in mole fraction of one component from 0.15 to 0.85 (34 to 40 mJ/m(2) in surface energy) to demonstrate its utility in a block copolymer thin film morphology study. Examination of the copolymer thin film surface morphology with optical and atomic force microscopy revealed the expected morphological transitions across the gradient. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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