Effects of copper in Daphnia are modulated by nanosized titanium dioxide and natural organic matter: what is the impact of aging duration?
| Autor: | Asawer Alawi Ahmed Maknoon, Mirco Bundschuh, George Metreveli, Rajdeep Roy, Ralf Schulz, Simon Lüderwald |
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| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Aging
Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis Daphnia magna chemistry.chemical_element Context (language use) 02 engineering and technology 010501 environmental sciences 01 natural sciences Daphnia chemistry.chemical_compound Combined effect Environmental Chemistry Ecotoxicology Animals Metal ions Ecosystem 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Nanomaterials Titanium Natural organic matter Mixture toxicity biology Chemistry General Medicine 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology biology.organism_classification Pollution Copper Environmental chemistry Toxicity Titanium dioxide Nanoparticles Ecotoxicity 0210 nano-technology Water Pollutants Chemical Research Article |
| Zdroj: | Environmental Science and Pollution Research International |
| ISSN: | 1614-7499 |
| Popis: | During its aquatic life cycle, nanosized titanium dioxide (nTiO2) may interact with natural organic matter (NOM) ultimately altering the ecotoxicity of co-occurring chemical stressors such as heavy metals (e.g. copper (Cu)). In this context, the following hypotheses were tested: (1) aging of nTiO2along with Cu reduces Cu toxicity, (2) nTiO2agglomerates have a lower potential to reduce Cu toxicity and (3) aging of nTiO2in presence of NOM reduces Cu toxicity further. A multifactorial test design crossing three nTiO2levels (0.0, 0.6 and 3.0 mg/L) with two levels of NOM (0 versus 8 mg total organic carbon (TOC)/L) and seven nominal Cu concentrations (ranging from 0 to 1536 μg/L) aged in ASTM medium for 0, 1, 3 and 6 days was realised, while two aging scenarios were applied (type 1: nTiO2jointly aged with Cu; type 2: Cu added after nTiO2aging). Subsequently, Cu toxicity was assessed using the immobility ofDaphnia magnaafter 48 h of exposure as response variable. The experiments revealed that neither aging duration nor the extent of agglomeration (type 1 vs. type 2 aging) has a substantial impact on Cu induced toxicity. Moreover, it was confirmed that the presence of NOM substantially reduced Cu induced toxicity, independent of the aging scenario and duration. More importantly, the data suggest the ingestion of Cu loaded nTiO2as additional exposure pathway contributing to Cu toxicity. In conclusion, it seems unlikely that nTiO2concentrations currently detected in or predicted for aquatic ecosystems, which are at least one order of magnitude below the concentration tested here, influence Cu toxicity meaningfully. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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