Assessing trade-offs in large marine protected areas
Autor: | Stacy E. Aguilera, Michael Cox, Louisa Evans, Cassandra M. Brooks, Natalie C. Ban, Tammy E. Davies, Mateja Nenadovic, Graham Epstein, Sara M. Maxwell |
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Jazyk: | angličtina |
Rok vydání: | 2018 |
Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
Marine conservation Conservation of Natural Resources Resource (biology) Oceans and Seas Ecology (disciplines) Biodiversity Marine and Aquatic Sciences lcsh:Medicine Marine Biology 010603 evolutionary biology 01 natural sciences Ecosystems Marine Conservation Humans Animals Marine Fish Ecosystem 14. Life underwater lcsh:Science Environmental planning Conservation Science Fisheries science Multidisciplinary Ecology Geography Scope (project management) Coral Reefs 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology Ecology and Environmental Sciences lcsh:R Marine Ecology Organisms Biology and Life Sciences Eukaryota Fisheries Science 15. Life on land Fish Biogeography Vertebrates Earth Sciences Reefs Marine protected area lcsh:Q Business Research Article |
Zdroj: | PLoS ONE, Vol 13, Iss 4, p e0195760 (2018) PLoS ONE |
ISSN: | 1932-6203 |
Popis: | Large marine protected areas (LMPAs) are increasingly being established and have a high profile in marine conservation. LMPAs are expected to achieve multiple objectives, and because of their size are postulated to avoid trade-offs that are common in smaller MPAs. However, evaluations across multiple outcomes are lacking. We used a systematic approach to code several social and ecological outcomes of 12 LMPAs. We found evidence of three types of trade-offs: trade-offs between different ecological resources (supply trade-offs); trade-offs between ecological resource conditions and the well-being of resource users (supply-demand trade-offs); and trade-offs between the well-being outcomes of different resource users (demand trade-offs). We also found several divergent outcomes that were attributed to influences beyond the scope of the LMPA. We suggest that despite their size, trade-offs can develop in LMPAs and should be considered in planning and design. LMPAs may improve their performance across multiple social and ecological objectives if integrated with larger-scale conservation efforts. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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