Spike Activator 1, Encoding a bHLH, Mediates Axillary Bud Development and Spike Initiation in Phalaenopsis aphrodite
Autor: | Swee-Suak Ko, Hung-Chien Hsing, Tien-Kuan Chen, Min-Jeng Li, Yi-Jyun Lin, Ting-Ting Yang |
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Jazyk: | angličtina |
Rok vydání: | 2019 |
Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
0301 basic medicine Hot Temperature bhlh 01 natural sciences Phalaenopsis aphrodite lcsh:Chemistry Gene Expression Regulation Plant Protein-fragment complementation assay Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors Cloning Molecular lcsh:QH301-705.5 Spectroscopy Plant Proteins Regulation of gene expression axillary bud biology Gene Expression Regulation Developmental General Medicine Computer Science Applications Cell biology Cold Temperature Phalaenopsis Transcriptional Activation Meristem expansin spiking Article Catalysis Inorganic Chemistry 03 medical and health sciences Expansin ft Axillary bud moth orchid Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Orchidaceae Molecular Biology Gene Cell Nucleus Gene Expression Profiling Organic Chemistry biology.organism_classification 030104 developmental biology lcsh:Biology (General) lcsh:QD1-999 Protein Multimerization gene regulation 010606 plant biology & botany spike induction |
Zdroj: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 20, Iss 21, p 5406 (2019) International Journal of Molecular Sciences Volume 20 Issue 21 |
ISSN: | 1422-0067 |
Popis: | Double-spikes Phalaenopsis orchids have greater market value than those with single-spike. In this study, a gene designated as Spike Activator 1 (SPK1), which encodes a basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor, was isolated and characterized from Phalaenopsis aphrodite (moth orchid). SPK1 was highly expressed in the meristematic tissues. In the axillary bud, SPK1 was highly upregulated by a moderately low temperature of 20 ° C but downregulated by a spike inhibition temperature of 30 ° C. SPK1 protein is localized in the nucleus. Another bHLH, bHLH35, which is also highly expressed in young tissues in the same way as SPK1 was also identified. In contrast to SPK1, bHLH35 transcripts are downregulated at 20 ° C but upregulated at 30 ° C. Bimolecular florescence complementation assay and yeast two-hybrid assays indicated that SPK1 interacts with bHLH35 and forms a heterodimer. Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) showed that 7 out of 15 vector control plants produced double spikes but that only 1 out of 15 VIGS-spk1 plants produced double spikes. RT-qPCR results indicated that VIGS-spk1 downregulated gene expression levels of SPK1, FT, CYCB, and EXPA8. Overall, we propose that SPK1 plays an essential role in early axillary bud development and spike initiation of P. aphrodite. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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