Spike Activator 1, Encoding a bHLH, Mediates Axillary Bud Development and Spike Initiation in Phalaenopsis aphrodite

Autor: Swee-Suak Ko, Hung-Chien Hsing, Tien-Kuan Chen, Min-Jeng Li, Yi-Jyun Lin, Ting-Ting Yang
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2019
Předmět:
0106 biological sciences
0301 basic medicine
Hot Temperature
bhlh
01 natural sciences
Phalaenopsis aphrodite
lcsh:Chemistry
Gene Expression Regulation
Plant

Protein-fragment complementation assay
Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors
Cloning
Molecular

lcsh:QH301-705.5
Spectroscopy
Plant Proteins
Regulation of gene expression
axillary bud
biology
Gene Expression Regulation
Developmental

General Medicine
Computer Science Applications
Cell biology
Cold Temperature
Phalaenopsis
Transcriptional Activation
Meristem
expansin
spiking
Article
Catalysis
Inorganic Chemistry
03 medical and health sciences
Expansin
ft
Axillary bud
moth orchid
Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
Orchidaceae
Molecular Biology
Gene
Cell Nucleus
Gene Expression Profiling
Organic Chemistry
biology.organism_classification
030104 developmental biology
lcsh:Biology (General)
lcsh:QD1-999
Protein Multimerization
gene regulation
010606 plant biology & botany
spike induction
Zdroj: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 20, Iss 21, p 5406 (2019)
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Volume 20
Issue 21
ISSN: 1422-0067
Popis: Double-spikes Phalaenopsis orchids have greater market value than those with single-spike. In this study, a gene designated as Spike Activator 1 (SPK1), which encodes a basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor, was isolated and characterized from Phalaenopsis aphrodite (moth orchid). SPK1 was highly expressed in the meristematic tissues. In the axillary bud, SPK1 was highly upregulated by a moderately low temperature of 20 °
C but downregulated by a spike inhibition temperature of 30 °
C. SPK1 protein is localized in the nucleus. Another bHLH, bHLH35, which is also highly expressed in young tissues in the same way as SPK1 was also identified. In contrast to SPK1, bHLH35 transcripts are downregulated at 20 °
C but upregulated at 30 °
C. Bimolecular florescence complementation assay and yeast two-hybrid assays indicated that SPK1 interacts with bHLH35 and forms a heterodimer. Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) showed that 7 out of 15 vector control plants produced double spikes but that only 1 out of 15 VIGS-spk1 plants produced double spikes. RT-qPCR results indicated that VIGS-spk1 downregulated gene expression levels of SPK1, FT, CYCB, and EXPA8. Overall, we propose that SPK1 plays an essential role in early axillary bud development and spike initiation of P. aphrodite.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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