Bleeding Rate During Oral Surgery of Oral Anticoagulant Therapy Patients With Associated Systemic Pathologic Entities: A Prospective Study of More Than 500 Extractions
| Autor: | Laura Bergamasco, Marta Bisi, Marco Mozzati, Matteo Ambrogio, Nadia Cocero, Mara Morello |
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| Rok vydání: | 2014 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male medicine.medical_specialty Postoperative Hemorrhage Hemostatics Diabetes Complications Young Adult Liver disease Thromboembolism Diabetes mellitus Statistical significance medicine Humans International Normalized Ratio Prospective Studies Renal Insufficiency Tooth Socket Prospective cohort study Aged Aged 80 and over Fibrin Hematoma Heparin business.industry Liver Diseases Incidence (epidemiology) Anticoagulants Middle Aged medicine.disease Oral Hemorrhage Comorbidity Surgery Exact test Treatment Outcome ROC Curve Otorhinolaryngology Area Under Curve Heart Valve Prosthesis Hemostasis Chronic Disease Tooth Extraction Female Oral Surgery business Follow-Up Studies |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. 72:858-867 |
| ISSN: | 0278-2391 |
| Popis: | Oral anticoagulant therapy (OAT) patients have international normalized ratio (INR) safety windows for oral surgery, the lower limit of which is determined by the thromboembolic risk, with the upper limit typically 3.0. We sought to assess whether these limits will also be true with comorbidities that favor bleeding, such as diabetes, liver disease, and chronic renal failure.The study was designed for 500 consecutive extractions. Patients with an INR greater than 3.0 were switched to heparin and used as controls. The primary outcome was the incidence of bleeding with the need for reoperation, in connection with 3 principal predictors: the INR, reasons for OAT, and comorbidity type. Continuous variables were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test and categorical variables using χ2 or Fisher's exact test. Statistical significance was set at P.05. The reliability of the INR as a bleeding predictor was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.Extractions in patients receiving OAT without comorbidities had a success rate of 99.7% against severe bleeding. Despite equivalent INR values, patients with comorbidities had a significantly lower rate (81.3%, P.001). For these patients, the ROC curve procedure indicated lower INR upper limits, 2.8 for mechanical heart prosthesis subjects and 2.3 for all others. Among the comorbidities, diabetes was associated with the greatest frequency of bleeding (31%) compared with liver disease (15%) and kidney failure (11%).Patients with comorbidities should be advised to bring their INR within narrower safety windows (upper limit of 2.5 to 2.8 for mechanical prosthesis and 2.0 to 2.3 otherwise) or be switched to heparin. Alternatively, we propose applying to the socket, a platelet-rich growth factor preparation to foster hemostasis. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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