Maintaining homeostatic control of periodontal bone tissue
| Autor: | Chad M. Novince, Jessica D. Hathaway-Schrader |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Periodontium
0301 basic medicine Osteoimmunology Alveolar Bone Loss Context (language use) Bone tissue Dental plaque Bone and Bones Article 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Fibrosis Bone cell Homeostasis Humans Medicine Periodontitis Dental alveolus business.industry 030206 dentistry medicine.disease 030104 developmental biology medicine.anatomical_structure Immunology Periodontics business |
| Zdroj: | Periodontol 2000 |
| ISSN: | 1600-0757 0906-6713 |
| DOI: | 10.1111/prd.12368 |
| Popis: | Alveolar bone is a unique osseous tissue due to the proximity of dental plaque biofilms. Periodontal health and homeostasis are mediated by a balanced host immune response to these polymicrobial biofilms. Dysbiotic shifts within dental plaque biofilms can drive a proinflammatory immune response state in the periodontal epithelial and gingival connective tissues, which leads to paracrine signaling to subjacent bone cells. Sustained chronic periodontal inflammation disrupts "coupled" osteoclast-osteoblast actions, which ultimately result in alveolar bone destruction. This chapter will provide an overview of alveolar bone physiology and will highlight why the oral microbiota is a critical regulator of alveolar bone remodeling. The ecology of dental plaque biofilms will be discussed in the context that periodontitis is a polymicrobial disruption of host homeostasis. The pathogenesis of periodontal bone loss will be explained from both a historical and current perspective, providing the opportunity to revisit the role of fibrosis in alveolar bone destruction. Periodontal immune cell interactions with bone cells will be reviewed based on our current understanding of osteoimmunological mechanisms influencing alveolar bone remodeling. Lastly, probiotic and prebiotic interventions in the oral microbiota will be evaluated as potential noninvasive therapies to support alveolar bone homeostasis and prevent periodontal bone loss. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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