The Application of Ultrasound in the Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Switchgrass
| Autor: | Ryan Slopek, Megumi Yoshioka-Tarver, Jade Smith, Loren B. Iten, Michael W. Easson, Brian Condon, Allan H. Lambert, Bruce S. Dien |
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| Rok vydání: | 2011 |
| Předmět: |
Bioengineering
Cellulase Panicum Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Biochemistry Reaction rate chemistry.chemical_compound Enzymatic hydrolysis Ultrasonics Cellulose Molecular Biology chemistry.chemical_classification Chromatography biology Chemistry business.industry Hydrolysis Ultrasound Substrate (chemistry) General Medicine Ammonium hydroxide Enzyme Yield (chemistry) Biocatalysis biology.protein business Oxidation-Reduction Biotechnology |
| Zdroj: | Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology. 165:1322-1331 |
| ISSN: | 1559-0291 0273-2289 |
| DOI: | 10.1007/s12010-011-9349-1 |
| Popis: | In a series of experiments, untreated and ammonium hydroxide pretreated Klenow lowland variety switchgrasses are converted to reducing sugars using low-frequency (20 kHz) ultrasound and commercially available cellulase enzyme. Results from experiments using untreated and pretreated switchgrasses with and without ultrasound are presented and discussed. In untreated switchgrass experiments, the combination of ultrasound and enzymes resulted in an increase of 7.5% in reducing sugars compared to experiments using just enzymes. In experiments using ammonium hydroxide pretreated switchgrass, the combination of ultrasound and enzymes resulted in an increase of 9.3% in reducing sugars compared to experiments using just enzymes. Experimental evidence indicates that there is a synergistic effect from the combination of ultrasound and enzymes which lowers the diffusion-limiting barrier to enzyme/substrate binding and results in an increase in reaction rate. Scanning electron microscopic images provide evidence that ultrasound-induced pitting increases substrate surface area and affects reaction rate and yield. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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