Anabolic sensitivity of postprandial muscle protein synthesis to the ingestion of a protein-dense food is reduced in overweight and obese young adults
| Autor: | Richard A. Sukiennik, Alexander V. Ulanov, Russell Emmons, Stephan van Vliet, Michael De Lisio, Joseph W. Beals, Nicholas A. Burd, Zhong Li, Scott A. Paluska, Julian Nallabelli, Justin R. Young |
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| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male medicine.medical_specialty Amino Acid Transport Systems Anabolism Swine Muscle Proteins Medicine (miscellaneous) 030209 endocrinology & metabolism Inflammation Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1 Overweight Body Mass Index Young Adult 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Insulin resistance Reference Values Internal medicine medicine Animals Humans Ingestion Obesity Muscle Skeletal Adiposity Nutrition and Dietetics Chemistry TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases Skeletal muscle 030229 sport sciences Postprandial Period medicine.disease Diet Red Meat Endocrinology medicine.anatomical_structure Postprandial Adipose Tissue Multiprotein Complexes Protein Biosynthesis Female Dietary Proteins Leucine medicine.symptom Energy Intake |
| Zdroj: | The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 104:1014-1022 |
| ISSN: | 0002-9165 |
| DOI: | 10.3945/ajcn.116.130385 |
| Popis: | BACKGROUND Excess body fat diminishes muscle protein synthesis rates in response to hyperinsulinemic-hyperaminoacidemic clamps. However, muscle protein synthetic responses after the ingestion of a protein-dense food source across a range of body mass indexes (BMIs) have not been compared. OBJECTIVE We compared the myofibrillar protein synthetic response and underlying nutrient-sensing mechanisms after the ingestion of lean pork between obese, overweight, and healthy-weight adults. DESIGN Ten healthy-weight [HW; BMI (in kg/m2): 22.7 ± 0.4], 10 overweight (OW; BMI: 27.1 ± 0.5), and 10 obese (OB; BMI: 35.9 ± 1.3) adults received primed continuous l-[ring-13C6]phenylalanine infusions. Blood and muscle biopsy samples were collected before and after the ingestion of 170 g pork (36 g protein and 3 g fat) to assess skeletal muscle anabolic signaling, amino acid transporters [large neutral and small neutral amino acid transporters (LAT1, SNAT2) and CD98], and myofibrillar protein synthesis. RESULTS At baseline, OW and OB groups showed greater relative amounts of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) protein than the HW group. Pork ingestion increased mTORC1 phosphorylation only in the HW group (P = 0.001). LAT1 and SNAT2 protein content increased during the postprandial period in all groups (time effect, P < 0.05). Basal myofibrillar protein synthetic responses were similar between groups (P = 0.43). However, myofibrillar protein synthetic responses (0-300 min) were greater in the HW group (1.6-fold; P = 0.005) after pork ingestion than in the OW and OB groups. CONCLUSIONS There is a diminished myofibrillar protein synthetic response to the ingestion of protein-dense food in overweight and obese adults compared with healthy-weight controls. These data indicate that impaired postprandial myofibrillar protein synthetic response may be an early defect with increasing fat mass, potentially dependent on altered anabolic signals, that reduces muscle sensitivity to food ingestion. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02613767. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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